Lichens of North Carolina
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Comments
Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACAROSPORACEAE
AGYRIACEAE
AMPHISPHAERIACEAE
ANDREIOMYCETACEAE
APHANOPSIDACEAE
ARTHONIACEAE
BAEOMYCETACEAE
BIONECTRIACEAE
BRIGANTIEACEAE
CALICIACEAE
CANDELARIACEAE
CARBONICOLACEAE
CATILLARIACEAE
CHRYSOTRICHACEAE
CLADONIACEAE
COCCOCARPIACEAE
COENOGONIACEAE
COLLEMATACEAE
CONIOCYBACEAE
CORDIERITIDACEAE
CORTICIACEAE
CYPHOBASIDIACEAE
CYSTOCOLEACEAE
DACAMPACEAE
DACAMPIACEAE
DACTYOLPSPORACEAE
DIDYMELLACEAE
EPIGLOEACEAE
FILOBASIDIACEAE
FUSCIDEACEAE
GOMPHILLACEAE
GRAPHIDACEAE
GYALECTACEAE
HAEMATOMMATACEAE
HARPIDIACEAE
HELICOGONIACEAE
HERPOTRICHIELLACEAE
HYDNACEAE
HYGROPHORACEAE
HYMENELIACEAE
ICMADOPHILACEAE
LECANOGRAPHACEAE
LECANORACEAE
LECIDEACEAE
LEPROCAULACEAE
LICHENOCONIACEAE
LICHENOTHELIACEAE
LICHINACEAE
LOPADIACEAE
MALMIDEACEAE
MEGALOSPORACEAE
MEGASPORACEAE
MELASPILEACEAE
MELASPILEELLACEAE
MICROCALICIACEAE
MONOBLASTIACEAE
MYCOCALICIACEAE
MYCOPORACEAE
MYCOSPHAERELLACEAE
MYTILINIDIACEAE
NAETROCYMBACEAE
NIESSLIACEAE
OCHROLECHIACEAE
OPEGRAPHACEAE
OPHIOPARMACEAE
PANNARIACEAE
PARMELIACEAE
PELTIGERACEAE
PELTULACEAE
PERTUSARIACEAE
PHAEOCOCCOMYCETACEAE
PHAEOSPHAERIACEAE
PHLYCTIDACEAE
PHYLLACHORACEAE
PHYSCIACEAE
PILOCARPACEAE
PLACYNTHIACEAE
POLYCOCCACEAE
PORINACEAE
PROTOTHELENELLACEAE
PSEUDOPERISPORIACEAE
PSILOLECHIACEAE
PSORACEAE
PYCNORACEAE
PYRENULACEAE
RACODIACEAE
RAMALINACEAE
RAMBOLDIACEAE
REQUIENELLACEAE
RHIZOCARPACEAE
ROCCELLACEAE
ROCCELLOGRAPHACEAE
ROPALOSPORACEAE
SARRAMEANACEAE
SCOLICIOSPORACEAE
SPIROGRAPHACEAE
SQUAMARINACEAE
STEREOCAULACEAE
STICTIDACEAE
STICTOGRAPHACEAE
STRANGOSPORACEAE
STRIGULACEAE
TELOSCHISTACEAE
TEPHROMELATACEAE
THELENELLACEAE
THELOCARPACEAE
TRAPELIACEAE
TREMELLACEAE
TRICHOTHYRIACEAE
TRYPETHELIACEAE
UMBILICARIACEAE
UNCERTAIN
VAHLIELLACEAE
VERRUCARIACEAE
VEZDAEACEAE
XANTHOPYRENIACEAE
XYLOGRAPHACEAE
ZYTHIACEAE
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Ramalinaceae Members:
Bacidia diffracta
Bacidia ekmaniana
Bacidia granosa
Bacidia helicospora
Bacidia heterochroa
Bacidia laurocerasi
Bacidia lobarica
Bacidia polychroa
Bacidia purpurans
Bacidia rubella
Bacidia schweinitzii
Bacidia sorediata
Bacidia suffusa
Bacidia thiersiana
Bacidina apiahica
Bacidina arnoldiana
Bacidina assulata
Bacidina brittoniana
Bacidina crystallifera
Bacidina delicata
Bacidina egenula
Bacidina inundata
Biatora appalachensis
Biatora chrysantha
Biatora helvola
Biatora longispora
Biatora orientalis
Biatora pontica
Biatora printzenii
Biatora pycnidiata
Biatora vernalis
Bilimbia fuscoviridis
Bilimbia sabuletorum
Catillochroma albocinctum
Catillochroma alleniae
Catillochroma alligatorense
Catillochroma beechingii
Catinaria atropurpurea
Catinaria brodoana
Cliostomum griffithii
Cliostomum leprosum
Lecania croatica
Lecania cyrtella
Lecania subfuscula
Megalaria laureri
Mycobilimbia pilularis
Phyllopsora confusa
Phyllopsora corallina
Phyllopsora isidiosa
Phyllopsora kalbii
Phyllopsora parvifolia
Ramalina americana
Ramalina complanata
Ramalina culbersoniorum
Ramalina denticulata
Ramalina dilacerata
Ramalina farinacea
Ramalina intermedia
Ramalina labiosorediata
Ramalina montagnei
Ramalina paludosa
Ramalina petrina
Ramalina polymorpha
Ramalina sinensis
Ramalina stenospora
Ramalina tenuis
Ramalina willeyi
Scutula circumspecta
Scutula dedicata
Toniniopsis bagliettoana
NC
Records
Ramalina americana
Hale - Sinewed Bush Lichen
Image by Gary Perlmutter
Taxonomy
Phylum:
Ascomycota
Class:
Lecanoromycetes
Order:
Lecanorales
Family:
Ramalinaceae
MycoBank_number:
343492
Taxonomic Reference:
Bryologist 81(4): 599 (1979)
Identification
Description:
Technical Description:
LaGreca, S 1999 [2000]: A phylogenetic evaluation of the Ramalina americana chemotype complex (lichenized Ascomycota, Ramalinaceae) based on rDNA ITS sequence data. - The Bryologist 102(4): 602-618.
Comments:
CNALH specimen records from the Piedmont and Coastal Plain may be R. culbersoniorum, which is distinguished by chemistry; these specimens need to be re-examined and tested by TLC. To quote S. LaGreca (1999): "R. americana, is largely acid-deficient and occurs in the northern half of the range of the complex (and at high elevations in the Southern Appalachian Mountains)..."
LichenPortal Account:
Lichen Portal
Distribution in North Carolina
Comments:
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
GBIF-Global Distribution
Habitats and Life History
Habitats:
Observation Methods:
Abundance/Frequency:
Abundance/Frequency by province:
Frequency
Regular
– almost always observed on given visit; >=90% chance of observation
Frequent
– usually observed on a given visit; >=50%<90% chance of observation
Infrequent
– observed less than 50% of visits; >=25%<50% chance of observation
Occasional
– observed on only on a small minority of visits; >=10%<25% chance of observation
Seldom
– not usually seen on visits; <10% chance of observation
These terms refer to visits to appropriate habitats made at appropriate times of the year, making use of common sampling/observation methods. Under those conditions, Frequency refers to the chance of observing at least one individual on a given visit made anywhere within a particular region, or over multiple visits to a single site.
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks:
State Protection:
Comments:
Photo Gallery for
Ramalina americana
- Sinewed Bush Lichen
Recorded by:
Madison Co.
Comment: