Moths of North Carolina
Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
« Home »
View PDFErebidae Members: Dasychira Members: 96 NC Records

Dasychira meridionalis (Barnes & McDunnough, 1913) - Southern Tussock Moth


Dasychira meridionalisDasychira meridionalisDasychira meridionalisDasychira meridionalis
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Noctuoidea
Family:
Erebidae
Subfamily:
Lymantriinae
Tribe:
Orgyiini
P3 Number:
930150
MONA Number:
8298.00
Comments: One of 16 species in this genus that occur in North America, 10 of which have been recorded in North Carolina. Ferguson (1978) treated meridionalis as a full species; formerly, it was considered a subspecies of basiflava (e.g., in Forbes, 1948). Ferguson also described three subspecies of meridionalis, of which D. meridionalis memorata occurs in North Carolina.
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions: Covell (1984)Online Resources: MPG, BugGuide, iNaturalist, Google, BAMONA, GBIF, BOLDTechnical Description, Adults: Forbes (1954); Ferguson (1978)Technical Description, Immature Stages: Both Forbes (1948) and Ferguson (1978) provide keys to the larvae.                                                                                 
Adult Markings: Dasychira meridionalis is similar in color and pattern to D. basiflava but slightly smaller: the length of the forewing for the paratypes ranges between 13 and 17 mm for males (up to 18mm in males of basiflava) and 18 to 25 mm for females (Ferguson, 1978). There is a more extensive area of white in the median area than in basiflava; in females, it typically crosses the entire width of the wing. Males are blacker in the basal and postmedian areas than basiflava and the basal orange spot is often obscured. Females also show more contrast between the median area and the rest of the wing. Barred forms appear to be unknown in meridionalis and the postmedian runs straighter than in basiflava, where it is typically finely dentate (Ferguson, 1978).
Adult Structural Features: Dasychira species have two dorsal tufts on their abdomens, whereas Orgyia have just one. Adults lack mouthparts. D. meridionalis cannot be distinguished genitalically in either sex from basiflava.
Adult ID Requirements: Identifiable from good quality photos of unworn specimens.
Immatures and Development: Larvae of this species have a pair of dark hair pencils at the posterior end but only a short dorsal tuft on A8 rather than a long hair pencil. Larvae of D. basiflava and vagans are similar in this regard but both have lateral black hairs originating only from below the spiracles whereas meridionalis has black club-shaped plumose hairs along the sides of the body arising from tubercles located both above and below the spiracles (see Ferguson, 1978, for details).
Larvae ID Requirements: Identifiable from good quality photos, especially where associated with known host plants.
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution: Ferguson (1978) thought the dividing line between northern basiflava and southern meridionalis was located somewhere in the middle of North Carolina, giving the range of meridionalis memorata from Southern Pines, NC to northern Florida. Our records seem to agree, indicating that meridionalis occurs primarily in the southern half of the Coastal Plain in North Carolina, including the Fall-line Sandhills, and that basiflava occurs north of the Pamlico Sound in the Coastal Plain as well as the north-central Piedmont and most, if not all, of the Mountains.
County Map: Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Dasychira meridionalisAlamance Alexander Alleghany Anson Ashe Avery Beaufort Bertie Bladen Brunswick Buncombe Burke Cabarrus Caldwell Camden Carteret Caswell Catawba Chatham Cherokee Chowan Clay Cleveland Columbus Craven Cumberland Currituck Dare Davidson Davie Duplin Durham Edgecombe Forsyth Franklin Gaston Gates Graham Granville Greene Guilford Halifax Harnett Haywood Henderson Hertford Hoke Hyde Iredell Jackson Johnston Jones Lee Lenoir Lincoln Macon Madison Martin McDowell Mecklenburg Mitchell Montgomery Moore Nash New%20Hanover Northampton Onslow Orange Pamlico Pasquotank Pender Perquimans Person Pitt Polk Randolph Richmond Robeson Rockingham Rowan Rutherford Sampson Scotland Stanly Stokes Surry Swain Transylvania Tyrrell Union Vance Wake Warren Washington Watauga Wayne Wilkes Wilson Yadkin Yancey
Flight Dates:
 High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
 Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
 Piedmont (Pd)
 Coastal Plain (CP)

Click on graph to enlarge
Image showing flight dates by month for High Mountains greater than 4,000 feet, Low Mountains, Piedmont, and Coastal Plain: adults.
Immature Dates:
 High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
 Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
 Piedmont (Pd)
 Coastal Plain (CP)

Click on graph to enlarge
Image showing flight dates by month for High Mountains greater than 4,000 feet, Low Mountains, Piedmont, and Coastal Plain: immatures.
Flight Comments: Appears to be bivoltine in North Carolina with both an late spring-early summer flight and a late summer-early fall flight.
Habitats and Life History
Habitats: Nearly all of our records come from swamp forests or bottomland hardwoods in the Coastal Plain. None come from peatlands and the few records we have from drier Longleaf Pine habitats are located near to stream forests.
Larval Host Plants: Ferguson (1978) and Wagner (2005) both state that oaks are host plants. Ferguson also mentions that Louisiana specimens were reared on Chinese Elm. Based on our habitat records, members of the Laurel Oak group seem likely, particularly Laurel Oak (Quercus laurifolia) itself in Coastal Plain floodplains and mesic slopes, and perhaps Darlington Oak (Q. hemisphaerica) in the Coastal Fringe Sandhills habitats where D. meridionalis also occurs. We do not have any feeding records in North Carolina. - View
Observation Methods: Our records for adults all come from 15 watt UV light traps; they do not feed, so do not come to bait or to flowers. Larvae are distinctive and should be looked for on low-growing trees and shrubs. The hair of all Lymantriinae larvae are possibly urticating and should be handled with care (Ferguson, 1978).
Wikipedia
See also Habitat Account for General Wet Hardwood Forests
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks: G4G5 SNR [S3S4]
State Protection: Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.
Comments: This species appears to be a specialist on floodplain forests in the Coastal Plain, but these habitats are still widespread and the species currently appears to be secure in the state.

 Photo Gallery for Dasychira meridionalis - Southern Tussock Moth

Photos: 12
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: David George, Jeff Niznik on 2025-05-24
Richmond Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Mark Basinger on 2025-04-19
Brunswick Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Mark Basinger on 2025-04-19
Brunswick Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Jeff Niznik on 2024-06-14
Scotland Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Stephen Hall, Meriel Goodwin, David George, Gary Perlmutter, Blanka Aguerro, Lisa Gatens on 2024-04-22
Chatham Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: David George, Jeff Niznik, Rich Teper, Erich Hofmann, Jesse Anderson on 2023-05-22
New Hanover Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Jim Petranka on 2021-09-12
Madison Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Jim Petranka, Bo Sullivan and Steve Hall on 2021-06-07
Moore Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Lior Carlson on 2020-05-30
Orange Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Darryl Willis on 2016-07-23
Cabarrus Co.
Comment:
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: Doug Blatny / Jackie Nelson on 2011-07-16
Ashe Co.
Comment: More likely to be basiflava in the Mountains [SPH]
Dasychira meridionalisRecorded by: T. DeSantis on 2010-08-04
Camden Co.
Comment: