Moths of North Carolina

sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
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Goya stictella None MONA_number: 6073.00		...	...	The hosts are apparently undocumented....	...			...
Gnorimoschema gallaesolidaginis Goldenrod Gall Moth MONA_number: 1986.00	The genus Gnorimoschema contains over 115 species of small moths. There are more than 80 species in North America, and most are found in the southwestern US. They appear to specialize on members of the Asteraceae and have a diverse array of feeding niches that includes leafminers and gall-makers.	The following is based in part on the description by Riley (1869). The head, thorax and labial palp are pale with varying levels of dark brown dusting. The antenna has faint brown with pale annulation...	The larvae feed on Tall Goldenrod and Giant Goldenrod in North Carolina. The first species is common in a variety of open, sunny settings such as fields, infrequently mowed roadways, the edges of ag...	The larvae feed on in galls on goldenrods. Tall Goldenrod (Solidago altissima) and Giant Goldenrod (S. gigantea) are the primary hosts (Leiby, 1922; Miller 1963; Nason et al., 2002). Lei...	The adults are attracted to lights, but many records are from adults that were reared from the conspicuous galls. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S2S3	We have a few scattered records from throughout the state. More information is need on the distribution and abundance of this species before we can assess its conservation status. ...
Pyreferra pettiti Pettit's Sallow MONA_number: 9932.00		A medium-sized, orange Noctuid. The antemedian, median, and postmedian lines are all brown and fairly straight; the antemedian is double-lined and filled with clear yellow. The postmedian runs oblique...	...	Larvae are apparently monophagous, feeding on American Hop-hornbeam (Ostrya virginiana). Reports of the use of birch (e.g., Forbes, 1954) are probably in error; larvae reared by Tim McCabe and ...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S1S3]	...
Pseudorthodes vecors Small Brown Quaker MONA_number: 10578.00		...	...	Reported hosts include jewelweed (Impatiens), plantain (Plantago), and dandelion (Taraxacum) (Wagner et al., 2011)....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S4S5]	...
Pseudeva purpurigera Straight-lined Looper Moth MONA_number: 8899.00	One of two species in this genus, only one of which occurs in North Carolina and the East; the other is Western (Lafontaine and Poole, 1991)	A medium-sized, dull orange or yellow Looper with pink shading, flecked with brown, and with a bronzy sheen in the subterminal area (Forbes, 1948). No stigma is present and the other spots are often o...	Our sole record for this species comes from a cove forest....	Larvae feed on meadow-rue (Thalictrum), including both Early Meadow-rue (T. dioicum) and Tall Meadow-rue (T. pubescens) (Lafontaine and Poole, 1991), both of which occur in mesic ...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S1S2]	This northern species has been recorded at only a couple of sites in North Carolina, all possessing high quality mesic forests where resident populations appear to exist....
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Psaphida grandis Gray Sallow MONA_number: 10013.00		The ground color is slate gray to violaceous gray (Poole, 1995). The lines are slightly darker and the most conspicuous making is a patch or band of pale gray scales that follows the antemedian from t...	Our records come from upland stands of hardwoods, including mesic stands in the mountains and dry to mesic stands in the Piedmont....	Larvae have been found on oak (Wagner et al., 2011)....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 SNR [S2S3]	...
Polygrammate cadburyi Cadbury's Mystique MONA_number: 8104.00		...	Found across the range of Nyssa species, from deep swamps and blackwater alluvial forests in the Coastal Plain to dry ridges in the Piedmont and Mountains....	Larvae are stenophagous, feeding on tupelo (Nyssa spp.) (Wagner et al., 2011)....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR SNR [S4S5]	...
Papaipema rigida Rigid Sunflower Borer Moth MONA_number: 9503.00	One of 44 species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010, 2015), 30 of which have been recorded in North Carolina	...	We have records from both montane wet meadows and high elevation fields. Several records also come from cove forests and high elevation hardwoods....	Larvae feed on composites, particularly sunflower (Helianthus) species, including Jerusalem Artichoke (H. tuberosus) and Paleleaf Sunflower (H. strumosus) (Robinson et al., 2010)....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 SNR [S1S3]	...
Papaipema cerussata Ironweed Borer Moth MONA_number: 9505.00	One of 44 species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010, 2015), 30 of which have been recorded in North Carolina	...	Our records come mainly from wet fields and riparian habitats in the Mountains and from open seepage areas and lake shorelines in the Piedmont. A couple of records come from mesic upland in the Mounta...	Larvae feed on New York Ironweed (Vernonia noveboracensis) (Wagner et al., 2011); reports from other species require confirmation. In North Carolina, our only record is for an unknown ironweed ...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S2S4]	...
Papaipema cataphracta Burdock Borer Moth MONA_number: 9466.00	One of 44 species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010, 2015), 30 of which have been recorded in North Carolina	The ground color is straw yellow, heavily dusted with brown (Forbes, 1948). The basal and medial area are concolorous, with the basal area and that between the orbicular and reniform solidly brown. Th...	Wagner et al. (2011) list the following as habitats used by this species: fields, waste lots, wetlands, grasslands, glades, and woodlands. The majority of our records come from wet-to-mesic habitats. ...	Larvae are borers in a wide range of herbaceous species, including grasses and other monocot families, composites, and members of a number of other dicot families (Wagner et al., 2011). In North Carol...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S3S4]	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Papaipema baptisiae Indigo Stem Borer Moth MONA_number: 9485.00	One of 44 species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010, 2015), 30 of which have been recorded in North Carolina	...	Our records come from forest-field ecotones found across the state...	Reported hosts include dogbane (Apocynum), wild indigo (Baptisia), Mayapple (Podophyllum peltatum), dock (Rumex), and ironweed (Vernonia) (Wagner et al., 2011)....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 SNR [S3S4]	...
Papaipema astuta Yellow Stoneroot Borer Moth MONA_number: 9477.00	One of 44 species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010, 2015), 30 of which have been recorded in North Carolina	A medium-large Papaipema. The median area of forewing is straw yellow, heavily dusted with brown; the basal and outer third of the wing contrastingly fuscous. The spot ring around the reniform is usu...	Our records come from Rich Cove Forests with populations of Collinsonia canadensis....	Larvae are monophagous, feeding solely on Canada Horsebalm (Collinsonia canadensis) (Forbes, 1954; Schweitzer et al., 2011), which has been confirmed as the host in North Carolina....	Comes at least to some extent to blacklights but not to bait or flowers. Larvae can be searched for by looking for whitish frass ejected from a hole on the side of a stem (Wagner et al., 2011). Howev...	Listed as Significantly Rare by the Natural Heritage Program. That designation, however, does not confer any legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G3? S1S2	This species is regarded as globally rare (NatureServe Explorer, 2016) even though its host plant is fairly widespread; it has also apparently disappeared from large areas of its former range (Schweit...
Ozarba aeria Aerial Brown Moth MONA_number: 9030.00		...	Our records come primarily from floodplains and shorelines, with a few also from mesic slopes....	Reported hosts include Cuphea and Justicia (Covell, 1984)....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 SNR [S3S4]	...
Orthosia garmani Garman's Quaker MONA_number: 10488.00	One of 22 species (two others provisional) that occur in this genus north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 210); five have been recorded in North Carolina	The ground color of the forewings is dull brown or reddish-brown, with the terminal area contrastingly lighter (Forbes, 1954). The lines and spots are usually fairly inconspicuous, although darker in ...	Woodlands and forests (Wagner et al., 2011)...	Larvae feed on many hardwood trees and shrubs. Wagner et al. (2011) specifically list maple (Acer), hawthorn (Crataegus), walnut (Juglans), cherry (Prunus), dogwood (Swi...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR SNR [S2S3]	...
Ogdoconta cinereola Common Pinkband Moth MONA_number: 9720.00	A New World genus of some 18 species centered in Central America and the southwestern US. One species ventures into North Carolina where it occurs across the state and is common. A number of neotropical species await description.	A small moth usually grayish with a pink tinge. Look for the slanted pinkish area between the postmedial and subterminal lines. ...	We have records from a variety of open habitats, including natural communities such as maritime dunes and Longleaf Pine sandhills as well as from disturbed habitats such old fields and powerlines. It ...	The caterpillar feeds on a wide variety of composites, ragweed being a favorite (Wagner et al., 2011). In North Carolina, larvae have been recorded feeding on Common Ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifoli...	Comes readily to lights but we have no records from bait; possibly visits flowers....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S5]	This species is one of our most widely distributed and and one of the most generalized in terms of habitat of any in the state. It appears to be quite secure....
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Morrisonia triangula Triangular Woodgrain MONA_number: 10521.10		...	...	The host plants are apparently unknown....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G3G4 SNR [S3S4]	...
Glyptocera consobrinella Viburnum Glyptocera MONA_number: 5745.00		The ground color of the forewings is typically pale ash-gray, with the base whitish and overlain with indian red (Forbes, 1953). The vertex of the head is also whitish. A dark patch is located in fron...	...	Larvae reportedly feed on Viburnum species, including Nannyberry (V. lentago) and Downy Arrowwood (V. rafinesqueanum) (Neunzig, 2003). Maple has also been reported but Neunzig (20...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S2S3	...
Glyphipterix quadragintapunctata None MONA_number: 2338.00		Superficially similar to G. brauni, a Western species that does not occur in our area...	...	Host plants appear to be unknown....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.		...
Glyphidocera septentrionella None MONA_number: 1142.00	Glyphidocera is a large but poorly studied genus with numerous undescribed species in the Neotropics, where they reach their greatest diversity. Adamski (2005) described 88 new species from Costa Rica alone. There are currently 11 described species in North America, and seven species in North Carolina. They are small to medium-sized moths and, with rare exceptions, vary from pale yellowish brown to dark brown. Most have few, if any, diagnostic markings on the wings. Host associations are unknown for almost all species, which suggests that they may be detritivores or fungivores that do not feed on living plants.	The following description is based primarily on that of Busck (1904). The antenna is yellowish fuscous and weakly notched in the male. The labial palp is yellowish, sparsely sprinkled with black scale...	The required habitats are poorly documented within the state. We have records from disparate communities, including a semi-wooded residential neighborhood, a higher elevation hardwood forest, and earl...	Except for one species, the hosts of this species and the more than 100 described species of Glyphidocera are unknown. This suggests that the larvae do not feed on living plant foliage, and ar...	The adults occasionally visit lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR [SU]	More information is needed on the distribution, abundance and habitat use of this species within the state before we can assess its conservation status. ...
Glyphidocera lactiflosella Five-spotted Glyphidocera MONA_number: 1139.00	Glyphidocera is a large but poorly studied genus with numerous undescribed species in the Neotropics, where they reach their greatest diversity. Adamski (2005) described 88 new species from Costa Rica alone. There are currently 11 described species in North America, and seven species in North Carolina. They are small to medium-sized moths and, with rare exceptions, vary from pale yellowish brown to dark brown. Most have few, if any, diagnostic markings on the wings. Host associations are unknown for almost all species, which suggests that they may be detritivores or fungivores that do not feed on living plants.	This is our only predominantly white Glyphidocera, and is easily distinguished by the pair of black dots on the thorax, along with the five dark marks on the forewing. The following detailed de...	The habitat preferences are poorly documented. We have numerous records from residential neighborhoods, as well as natural systems that include a cypress swamp, a barrier island, and a mixed hardwood...	Except for one species, the hosts of this species and the more than 100 described species of Glyphidocera are unknown. This suggests that the larvae do not feed on living plant foliage, and ar...	The adults are attracted to lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR [S4S5]	This species is widespread and regularly appears at lights, which suggests that the species is relatively secure within the state. ...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Glyphidocera juniperella Juniper Tip Moth MONA_number: 1136.10	Glyphidocera is a large but poorly studied genus with numerous undescribed species in the Neotropics, where they reach their greatest diversity. Adamski (2005) described 88 new species from Costa Rica alone. There are currently 11 described species in North America, and seven species in North Carolina. They are small to medium-sized moths and, with rare exceptions, vary from pale yellowish brown to dark brown. Most have few, if any, diagnostic markings on the wings. Host associations are unknown for almost all species, which suggests that they may be detritivores or fungivores that do not feed on living plants.	The following is based on the description by Adamski and Brown (1987). The palps are strongly recurved and reach backwards to the middle of the head. The head, thorax, antenna, labial palp and forewin...	Local populations are dependent on junipers as host plants, and presumably use both Southern Red Cedar and Eastern Red Cedar as hosts. The former is common on barrier islands where it can be found in ...	Adamski and Brown (1987) described this species from larvae collected on cultivated Juniperus horizontalis. That species is native to the northern US and Canada, and red cedars seem like the mo...	The adults are attracted to lights. Observations of host use are needed, so we recommend searching for larvae and rearing adults. ...		GNR S4S5	This species occurs statewide and appears to be relatively secure. ...
Glyphidocera floridanella None MONA_number: 1138.00	Glyphidocera is a large but poorly studied genus with numerous undescribed species in the Neotropics, where they reach their greatest diversity. Adamski (2005) described 88 new species from Costa Rica alone. There are currently 11 described species in North America, and seven species in North Carolina. They are small to medium-sized moths and, with rare exceptions, vary from pale yellowish brown to dark brown. Most have few, if any, diagnostic markings on the wings. Host associations are unknown for almost all species, which suggests that they may be detritivores or fungivores that do not feed on living plants.	The following description is based on the original description by Busck (1901). The antenna is light brown on the under side and dark fuscous above. In the male it is slightly serrate and deeply notch...	The preferred habitats are poorly documented. In North Carolina, specimens have been found in residential neighborhoods in the Piedmont, in xeric Sandhill communities, and in beach dune and scrub comm...	The hosts and feeding ecology of this species are undocumented. Except for one species, the hosts of the more than 100 described species of Glyphidocera are unknown. This suggest that the larv...	The adults occasionally visit lights. ...		GNR [S2S3]	This species appears to be uncommon within the state, where it is at the northern limit of its range. More information is needed on its distribution, abundance, and habitat requirements before we can...
Glyphidocera dimorphella None MONA_number: 1143.00	Glyphidocera is a large but poorly studied genus with numerous undescribed species in the Neotropics, where they reach their greatest diversity. Adamski (2005) described 88 new species from Costa Rica alone. There are currently 11 described species in North America, and seven species in North Carolina. They are small to medium-sized moths and, with rare exceptions, vary from pale yellowish brown to dark brown. Most have few, if any, diagnostic markings on the wings. Host associations are unknown for almost all species, which suggests that they may be detritivores or fungivores that do not feed on living plants.	The following is primarily based on the description by Busck (1907). The labial palp is straw-yellow and lightly mottled with black scales. The antenna is yellowish fuscous to light brown, weakly annu...	As of 2021, all of our records are from semi-wooded residential neighborhoods, and the natural communities that are used by this species are undocumented. ...	The hosts, if any, are undocumented. Except for one species, the hosts of the more than 100 described species of Glyphidocera are unknown. This suggests that the larvae do not feed on living ...	The adults are attracted to lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR [SU]	We currently do not have sufficient information on the habitat use, abundance, and distribution of this species to assess the its conservation status. ...
Glyphidocera democratica None MONA_number: 1137.00	Glyphidocera is a large but poorly studied genus with numerous undescribed species in the Neotropics, where they reach their greatest diversity. Adamski (2005) described 88 new species from Costa Rica alone. There are currently 11 described species in North America, and seven species in North Carolina. They are small to medium-sized moths and, with rare exceptions, vary from pale yellowish brown to dark brown. Most have few, if any, diagnostic markings on the wings. Host associations are unknown for almost all species, which suggests that they may be detritivores or fungivores that do not feed on living plants.	The following is based in part on the description by Meyrick (1929). The palps are strongly recurved and reach backwards almost to the thorax. The head, thorax, labial palps, and forewings are browni...	The natural habitats are poorly documented, with almost all of our records coming from semi-wooded residential neighborhoods. ...	The hosts are unknown. Except for one species, the hosts of the more than 100 described species of Glyphidocera are unknown. This suggests that the larvae do not feed on living plant foliage, ...	The adults are attracted to lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S3S4	As of 2021, we have a few scattered records from throughout the state. We need additional information on the distribution, abundance, and habitat use before we can assess the conservation status of th...
Gluphisia septentrionis Common Gluphisia MONA_number: 7931.00		...	Most of our records come from areas where Cottonwoods are common, including brownwater river floodplains in the Outer Coastal Plain. One record comes from a barrier island, where willows seem more lik...	Larvae feed on poplars (Wagner, 2005). Other reported hosts require confirmation....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S2S4]	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Glaphyria sesquistrialis White-roped Glaphyria MONA_number: 4870.00	The genus Glaphyria contains nine described species that are found in the New World from Canada southward to Brazil. The U.S. has seven species, with six occurring in North Carolina. They are all small moths that characteristically posture with the forelegs projecting forward. The larval life histories of all of our species are undocumented.	The ground color of the forewing is ocherous-yellow and is overlain with white lines and spots that have distinct brown edging (Forbes, 1923). The basal third of the wing has a series of poorly organi...	Our records are from both xeric and mesic sites, including maritime communities, xeric Sandhill pinelands, residential neighborhoods, and mixed pine-hardwood forests. ...	In spite of being a common species, the hosts are poorly documented. Heppner (2007) lists Live Oak (Quercus virginiana), but this requires verification....	The adults are attracted to lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S4S5	Glaphyria sequistrialis is common and widespread in the state and appears to be secure. ...
Glaphyria glaphyralis Common Glaphyria MONA_number: 4869.00	The genus Glaphyria contains nine described species that are found in the New World from Canada southward to Brazil. The U.S. has seven species, with six occurring in North Carolina. They are all small moths that characteristically posture with the forelegs projecting forward. The larval life histories of all of our species are undocumented.	In this species the ground color of the forewing varies from lemon-yellow to ocherous-yellow. The ground is overlain with white lines and spots that lack any distinct brown edging, although light brow...	In North Carolina local populations are commonly associated with deciduous hardwoods or mixed pine-deciduous hardwood forests. ...	The host plants, if any, have not been documented. ...	The adults are attracted to lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR[S4-S5]	...
Glaphyria fulminalis Black-patched Glaphyria MONA_number: 4873.00	The genus Glaphyria contains nine described species that are found in the New World from Canada southward to Brazil. The U.S. has seven species, with six occurring in North Carolina. They are all small moths that characteristically posture with the forelegs projecting forward. The larval life histories of all of our species are undocumented.	Glaphyria fulminalis is very similar to G. cappsi in terms of the wing patterning and coloration (see the account of G. cappsi for a detailed description of that species). The pri...	Specimens in North Carolina have been found in a variety of habitats that range from xeric to mesic, and from relatively natural habitats to residential neighborhoods. Examples include sandy, maritime...	The host plants (if any) are unreported. ...	The adults are attracted to lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR[S3-S5]	More information is needed on the preferred habitats, feeding ecology, distribution and abundance before we can accurately assess the conservation status of this species. ...
Gerdana caritella None MONA_number: 1144.00	Gerdana is a monotypic genus.	The following is based primarily on the description by Busck (1908) and Forbes (1923). The short, ascending, labial palp is brownish-yellow and terminates before reaching the vertex. The antenna is y...	We have records from a variety of habitats, including semi-wooded residential neighborhoods and more natural communities. Most are associated with hardwoods or mixed hardwood-pine forests. ...	The feeding ecology and hosts are poorly documented. The larvae have been reared on several occasions from 'witches' brooms' on northern conifers (Clarke, 1942) and on one occasion from an owl nest. W...	The adults are attracted to lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR SNR [S4S5]	...
Gelechia albisparsella None MONA_number: 1929.00		This is a small brown moth with a recurved labial palp and very few markings. The following is based in part on the description by Chambers (1872, p. 146). The head, thorax, antenna, upper abdomen, an...	This species appears to specialize on the American Sycamore, which is common along streambanks and in alluvial forests throughout the state. ...	The only known host is American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) (Robinson et al., 2010)....	The adults are attracted to lights. Additional information is needed on the larval ecology and phenology of North Carolina populations, so we encourage naturalists to find larvae and rear adults. ...		GNR S1S3	Despite the widespread occurrence of American Sycamore in North Carolina, we have only five county records for this species as of 2023. Additional information is needed on its distribution and abundan...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Gandaritis atricolorata Dark-banded Geometer MONA_number: 7214.00		...	Woodlands and forests (Wagner et al., 2001). Our records come from wet-mesic hardwood forests in the Coastal Plain, the habitat of Hydrangea barbara. In the Mountains, records come from cove fo...	Larvae reportedly feed on Hydrangea species (Wagner et al., 2001). We do not have any feeding records in North Carolina....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR SNR [S3S4]	...
Gabara subnivosella Snowy Gabara MONA_number: 8522.00	One of seven species in this genus that occurs in North American north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010). Three of these species have been recorded in North Carolina (one historic record for G. obscura needs to be confirmed). One undescribed species also appears to exist.	Highly variable, with the ground color ranging from light and nearly immaculate to dark lead gray (Richards, 1942; Forbes, 1954 regarded the dark form as aberrant). Forbes describes the black orbicula...	Forbes describes this species as common on dry, acidic hill barrens in the Northeast but elsewhere more common in marshy areas. ...	Members of this genus feed on grasses (Robinson et al., 2012). Forbes (1954) presumed that sedges or coarse grasses were the larval foods but that they possibly feed on dead material....	Forbes (1954) noted that this species was easily flushed during the day....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 SNR [S3S4]	...
Gabara pulverosalis None MONA_number: 8524.00	One of seven species in this genus that occurs in North American north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010). Three of these species have been recorded in North Carolina (one historic record for G. obscura needs to be confirmed). One undescribed species also appears to exist.	The ground color is mouse gray, evenly powdered on a clay-colored base (Forbes, 1954); according to Richards (1942) the ground color is almost always dark sooty gray but some dwarf forms are light to...	...	The hosts are apparently undocumented....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 S3? [S3S4]	...
Gabara distema Streaked Gabara MONA_number: 8523.00	One of seven species in this genus that occurs in North American north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010). Three of these species have been recorded in North Carolina (one historic record for G. obscura needs to be confirmed). One undescribed species also appears to exist.	According to Richards (1942), this is the common and variable form of the southeastern states. The ground color tends to be yellowish but varies from nearly white to dark grey. The postmedian is weak ...	...	Host plants are poorly documented, but members of the genus are known to feed on grasses....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 SNR [S3S4]	...
Frumenta nundinella Mottled Twirler MONA_number: 2052.00	Frumenta is a small genus with only three currently recognized species that are found in North America.	The following is based in part on the description by Murtfeldt (1881) and Hayden et al. (2013). The ground color of the head, body and forewings is pale buff to yellowish white, with ocherous to dark ...	The host plant is a widespread native weedy species that is associated with old fields, cow pastures, roadsides, and ruderal habitats....	The only documented host is Carolina Horsenettle (Solanum carolinense)....	The adults are attracted to lights, and the larvae can be found on Carolina Horsenettle during the summer and early fall. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S3S4	As of 2021, we have only eight site records for the state. More information is needed on the distribution and abundance of this species before we can assess its conservation status. ...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Framinghamia helvalis None MONA_number: 5262.00	Framinghamia is a monotypic, North American genus named after its type locality, Framingham, Massachussets (Wikipedia, accessed 2022-08-01).	The ground color of this species varies from bright lemon yellow to dull tan or light reddish-brown and has dark brown to reddish-brown marks. The orbicular spot is prominent and consists of a thick, ...	Most of our records are from wet to mesic hardwood forests, but also from semiwooded residential neighborhoods. ...	The larvae specialize on willows and poplars, which are members of the Salicaceae (Forbes, 1923; Allyson, 1984; Godfrey et al., 1987; Prentice, 1966; Robinson et al., 2010; Eiseman, 2023 and BugGuide)...	The adults are attracted to lights. We need more information on host use in North Carolina. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S2S4	This species is uncommon in North Carolina. More information is needed on its preferred habitats, host plants, and distribution and abundance before we can accurately assess its conservation status. ...
Fissicrambus profanellus Profane Grass-veneer MONA_number: 5431.00		In this species the palps are brownish-yellow with a dusting of darker brown scales. The ground color of the forewing varies from golden-brown to medium-brown, and the costal and subcostal regions are...	Our records are from residential neighborhoods and dry habits such as xeric Sandhills communities, maritime dune and scrub communities, and coastal pine communities. ...	The hosts are apparently undocumented. Heppner (2007) lists grasses, but does not provide details....	The adults are attracted to UV and building lights. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR [S3-S4]	Populations appear to be relatively secure in North Carolina where this species reaches the northern limit of its range....
Fissicrambus mutabilis Changeable Grass-veneer MONA_number: 5435.00		This is a rather nondescript species. The palps and head are gray and the thorax grayish-brown. The ground color of the forewing is variable, but commonly is ashy-gray, grayish-brown or reddish-gray a...	Most of our records come from residential neighborhoods, where lawn grasses and ornamental grasses are the likely host plants. Other records come from pastures, meadows and other open habitats. We al...	The larval hosts include a large number of grass species, including cultivated grains such as corn, oats, barley, rye and wheat, and turf grasses of various sorts (Ainslie, 1923b; Pass, 1965; Robinson...	The adults are attracted to UV and building lights, and the larvae can be found in turf grasses. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S4S5	This species is common and widespread within the state and is secure. ...
Filatima pseudacaciella Dusky-backed Filatima MONA_number: 2169.00	The genus Filatima contains around 80 species that are primarily Holarctic in distribution, with the greatest diversity in semiarid areas of the western United States and Mexico. Their larvae are leaf tiers that feed primarily on legumes, but also exploit a variety of other vascular plants.	The following description is based in part on that of Chambers (1872, p. 107). The head varies from gray to purplish brown, and the antenna and palp are dark purplish-brown. The latter has a prominent...	Local populations are strongly dependent on Black Locust, which naturally occurs as a minor element in many hardwood forest communities in North Carolina. Black Locust is more frequently seen today al...	Larvae feed on Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia), and possibly other locust species (Schaffner, 1959; Godfrey et al., 1987). In North Carolina, Tracy Feldman has reared a larva from Dwarf Loc...	The adults are attracted to lights, and larvae can be found within leaf ties of Black Locust during the summer months. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR SU	We have scattered records throughout the Piedmont and lower mountains, but additional information is needed on the distribution and abundance of this species before we can assess its conservation stat...
Fascista cercerisella Redbud Leaffolder Moth MONA_number: 2204.00	The genus Fascista contains only three species, and all are found in North America.	Adults are easily recognized by the dark-brown to velvety black forewing that has boldly patterned white spots. The labial palp, head, and collar are white. The third segment of the palp is white exce...	This species is strongly associated with Eastern Redbud, which reaches its greatest abundance in dry to moist forests and forest edges with circumneutral soils. Eastern Redbud is widely planted as an ...	Fascista cercerisella is monophagous and occurs only where there are local populations of Eastern Redbud (Cercis canadensis), which has been confirmed as the host in North Carolina....	Adults are attracted to black lights and mercury vapor lights. The conspicuous folded leaves on Eastern Redbud are easy to spot, and identification can be further verified by checking the leaves for t...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR S4S5	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Fascista bimaculella None MONA_number: 2203.00		The head, thorax, antenna, and palps are brown to brownish black. The second segment of the labial palp has a large furrowed brush, while the third segment is slender and mostly blackish with pale spe...	The natural habitats are poorly documented. Our records are mostly from residential neighborhoods. ...	The host species are unknown. ...	The adults are attracted to lights. ...		GNR S3S4	We currently do not have sufficient information on the hosts, distribution, and abundance to assess the conservation status of this species. ...
Euzophera magnolialis Magnolia Borer Moth MONA_number: 5996.00		"Not sure I have a good feel for this species" (Scholtens, 2017)...	...	Hosts are poorly documented, but Robinson et al. (2010) list Southern Magnolia (Magnolia grandiflora)....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.		...
Euzophera semifuneralis American Plum Borer Moth MONA_number: 5995.00		The forewings are divided into three main areas by the contrasting white and black antemdian and postmedian lines. The antemedian and postmedian areas largely shaded with dull red but in this species...	...	Larvae are reportedly highly polyphagous. Among the hosts listed by Heppner (2007) are Pecan (Carya illinoinensis), American Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana), ash (Fraxinus), waln...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.		...
Euxoa violaris Violet Dart MONA_number: 10810.00	One of 181 species that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010). Most are Western but 13 have been recorded in North Carolina. Belongs to the Violaris Species Group of Subgenus Euxoa (Lafontaine, 1987).	A medium-sized, violet gray and reddish brown Dart. The head, thorax, and the ground color of the forewings is pale gray with a somewhat violet sheen. The area between the reniform and postmedian is s...	Our records come from xeric sandhills located adjacent to the lower Cape Fear River. The vegetation is classified as Coastal Fringe Sandhills, which includes a mixture of maritime species and those as...	Host plants appear to be unknown. Like other species in this genus, E. violaris may be a general feeder on grasses and forbs, although its restricted range of habitats suggests that it could be...	Comes at least somewhat to lights but to what extent has not been determined...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G4 S1S2	This species was considered rare by MacDunnough (1950) and is known from relatively few sites from coastal Massachusetts to the Panhandle of Florida (Lafontaine, 1987). Although apparently known from ...
Euxoa scholastica Scholastic Dart MONA_number: 10793.00	One of 181 species that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010). Most are Western but 13 have been recorded in North Carolina. Belongs to the Scholastica Group of Subgenus Euxoa (Lafontaine, 1987).	Most likely to be confused with E. messoria but can be distinguished by its maculation (Lafontaine, 1987)....	...	Host plants appear to be unknown....	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR SNR [S2S3]	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	food	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Euxoa redimicula Fillet Dart MONA_number: 10851.00	One of 181 species that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010). Most are Western but 13 have been recorded in North Carolina. Redimicula to the Detersa Group of Subgenus Euxoa (Lafontaine, 1987); detersa is the only other member of this group that occurs here.	A medium-sized, bluish-gray Dart. The ground color is typically dull blue-gray, with a contrastingly black basal dash and with similarly dark marks before the orbicular and between the orbicular and r...	All of our records come from sites above 4,000' in elevation, with the majority coming from a site where Bigtooth Aspen (Populus grandidentata) is present; the other comes from a wet pasture....	Host plants are apparently unrecorded, but Lafontaine (1987) noted that it occurs in the Great Plains region in association with groves of aspen, cottonwood, and Ponderosa Pine. Given that our own rec...	Comes to lights but to what extent is unknown....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR SNR [S1S2]	This species is primarily Northern, with records from only two sites in North Carolina. However, the existence of multiple records at one site, and from multiple years, strongly suggests that at least...
Euxoa messoria Reaper Dart MONA_number: 10705.00	One of 181 species that occur in North America north of Mexico (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010). Most are Western but 13 have been recorded in North Carolina. Euxoa messoria belongs to subgenus Longivesica (Lafontaine, 1987), which contains three other species, none of which has been recorded in North Carolina.	Can be confused with E. inmixta and E. scholastica; distinguishable by genitalia (Lafontaine, 1987)....	...	Larvae are polyphagous, feeding on many species of agricultural importance. Wagner et al. (2011) specifically list Garden Onion (Allium cepa), Turnip (Brassica rapa), strawberry (Frag...	...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SNR [S1S2]	...
Euxoa declarata Clear Dart MONA_number: 10755.00	One of 181 species in this genus that occur in North America (Lafontaine and Schmidt, 2010), the majority of which are found in the West and North; only thirteen species have been recorded in North Carolina. Euxoa declarata belongs to the Declarata Species Group in Subgenus Euxoa (Lafontaine, 1987), which contains three species in addition to declarata; E. campestris is the only other member of this group that occurs in North Carolina.	A medium-sized Noctuid. The form that occurs in North Carolina has a violet-brown ground color, with black basal, antemedian, and postmedian lines. The spots are also outlined in black; the reniform a...	All of our records come from high elevation forests, including stands of Spruce and Northern Hardwoods. Moisture regimes range from mesic to fairly dry....	Larval host plants are poorly documented. Tietz (1972) listed sunflower (Helianthus), lupine (Lupinus), sweetclover (Melilotus), potato, and corn. The host plants used in North Ca...	Comes in low numbers to blacklights. At least some members of this genus visit flowers (e.g., E. detersa, Wagner et al., 2011)....	Listed as Significantly Rare by the Natural Heritage Program. That designation, however, does not confer any legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	G5 SH	This species, along with a few others in this genus, appear to be Pleistocene relicts in North Carolina, found mainly far to the north or in montane areas in the West but occurring disjunctly at high ...
Eustixia pupula Spotted Peppergrass Moth MONA_number: 4794.00		This is a distinctively marked small moth with the head, thorax, legs, and ground color of the forewings and hindwings silvery white. The antenna and dorsal parts of the labial palp are black, while t...	Local populations are generally associated with disturbed habitats that support peppergrass. Examples include waste places, gardens, cultivated fields, pastures, roadsides and construction sites. ...	Virginia Peppergrass (Lepidium virginicum) is the native host, but Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) and Black Mustard (B. nigra) are occasionally used where these species are grown com...	The adults are attracted to lights, and the larvae can be found on the developing seed heads of Virginia Peppergrass....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.	GNR [S4S5]	This species appears to be relatively secure within the state. ...
Eurythmia hospitella None MONA_number: 6031.00		...	...	Robinson et al. (2010) list prickly-pear (Opuntia)....	...			...