Mammals of North Carolina:
their Distribution and Abundance
Sperm Whale - Physeter macrocephalus
Sole representative of Physeteridae in NC
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Photo by: Kyle Kittelberger, Scott Winton, Brian Patteson, Kate Sutherland
Distribution Found off NC from VA to SC. There are stranding records for seven of the eight coastal counties in the state.

Found in oceans around the world, including the Atlantic from Arctic waters to the tropics.
Abundance Uncommon -- fairly common for a large whale -- off the coast, usually well out of sight of land; very seldom seen from shore. Of the large whales in our waters, this is the most frequently seen one from boats/ships, particularly so in the warmer months. The Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History mammal collections (2021) lists only six stranding records for NC.
Seasonal Occurrence Through 1995, there were 16 strandings in NC (Webster et al., 1995), spanning the entire year, with only June, October, and December lacking records. The NMNH database contains stranding records scattered all year. More offshore observations are for the warmer months, though this could be in relation to the number of trips at that time of year. Not obviously migratory like so many other large species.
Habitat Mainly in deeper waters, from the Continental Slope to farther at sea.
Behavior
Comments This is most common of the "great whales" around the world, despite being listed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Serice as an Endangered species. Numbers have been estimated at around 1.5 million individuals. This species is normally easily identified by its huge blocky head and by the blow, which angles to the left.
Origin Native
NC List Official
State Rank S3M
State Status
Global Rank G3G4
Federal Status E
subspecies
other_comName
synonym Physeter catodon
NC Map
Map depicts all counties with a report (transient or resident) for the species.
Click on county for list of all database records for species in that county.