Moths of North Carolina
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Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACROLEPIIDAE-
ADELIDAE-
AMPHISBATIDAE-
AUTOSTICHIDAE-
BATRACHEDRIDAE-
BEDELLIIDAE-
BLASTOBASIDAE-
BOMBYCIDAE-
BUCCULATRICIDAE-
CARPOSINIDAE-
CHOREUTIDAE-
COLEOPHORIDAE-
COSMOPTERIGIDAE-
COSSIDAE-
CRAMBIDAE-
DEPRESSARIIDAE-
DREPANIDAE-
ELACHISTIDAE-
EPERMENIIDAE-
EPIPYROPIDAE-
EREBIDAE-Erebid Moths
ERIOCRANIIDAE-
EUTELIIDAE-
GALACTICIDAE-
GELECHIIDAE-
GEOMETRIDAE-
GLYPHIDOCERIDAE-
GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE-
GRACILLARIIDAE-
HELIOZELIDAE-
HEPIALIDAE-
HYBLAEIDAE-
INCURVARIIDAE-
LASIOCAMPIDAE-
LECITHOCERIDAE-Long-horned Moths
LIMACODIDAE-
LYONETIIDAE-
MEGALOPYGIDAE-Flannel Moths
MICROPTERIGIDAE-
MIMALLONIDAE-
MOMPHIDAE-Mompha Moths
NEPTICULIDAE-
NOCTUIDAE-Owlet Moths
NOLIDAE-
NOTODONTIDAE-
OECOPHORIDAE-
OPOSTEGIDAE-
PELEOPODIDAE-
PLUTELLIDAE-
PRODOXIDAE-
PSYCHIDAE-Bagworm Moths
PTEROPHORIDAE-
PYRALIDAE-
SATURNIIDAE-Saturniids
SCHRECKENSTEINIIDAE-
SESIIDAE-
SPHINGIDAE-Sphinx Moths
THYATIRIDAE-
THYRIDIDAE-
TINEIDAE-
TISCHERIIDAE-
TORTRICIDAE-
URANIIDAE-
URODIDAE-
XYLORYCTIDAE-
YPONOMEUTIDAE-
YPSOLOPHIDAE-
ZYGAENIDAE-
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Lyonetiidae Members:
Lyonetia latistrigella
Muhabbetia aurea
Paraleucoptera albella
Proleucoptera smilaciella
Paraleucoptera
Members:
Paraleucoptera albella
8 NC Records
Paraleucoptera albella
(Chambers, 1871) - Cottonwood Leafminer Moth
view caption
As seen here, the mature larva abandons its mine and spins a cocoon beneath two silken bands that are connected at the middle. Note the two cocoons and the dark mine below.
view caption
A reared adult from Black Willow.
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Yponomeutoidea
Family:
Lyonetiidae
Subfamily:
Cemiostominae
P3 Number:
360202.00
MONA Number:
475.00
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions:
Online Photographs:
MPG
,
BugGuide
,
iNaturalist
,
Google
,
BAMONA
,
GBIF
,
BOLD
Technical Description, Adults:
Chambers (1871)
Technical Description, Immature Stages:
Dyer (1902)
Adult Markings:
The following is based in part on the description by Chambers (1871) and Forbes (1923). The head, thorax, and ground color of the forewing is snowy white, and there is a small snowy white tuft on the head. The antenna is pale fuscus with the apex and basal joint white. Beginning on the costa just beyond one-half the wing length, there is a short, pale golden, streak that is dark margined on both sides. The streak is posteriorly oblique and extends to about mid-wing. A second similar streak with dark margins (sometimes represented as to a golden spot with dark margins) occurs behind the first at about four-fifths. The ends of both streaks join a pale golden region that extends from the end of the first streak to the wing tip. The most conspicuous mark is a silvery gray metallic spot near the anal angle that is distinct black margined anteriorly and posteriorly. The black margin sometimes covering much of the underlying silver spot. A short golden streak that usually has a thin black anterior margin adjoins the anterior margin of the spot. There often is a minute indistinct fuscus spot at the apex of the cilia or other faint grayish black mottling. The abdomen is white and banded above with golden fuscous. This species is similar to
Proleucoptera smilaciella
and worn specimens can be difficult to place. Forbes (1923) notes that
P. smilaciella
is larger and that the first fascia (streak) is much narrower (three times as long as wide versus almost squarish in
P. albella
). The first fascia of
Proleucoptera smilaciella
is also more oblique and starts nearer the base. There are often three or four dark lines that converge on the apex (often partially missing on worn specimens, and rarely evident in
P. albella
). The silvery-gray spot is smaller than in
C. albella
, and is completely surrounded before and above with the golden yellow band.
Immatures and Development:
Females glue their whitish, partially translucent eggs in clusters to leaves. The larvae make full-depth mines and often feed communally. The mines are large, dirty blotches that can fill much of a leaf, and the larvae are light lemon yellow with no markings and a translucent head capsule (Dyer, 1902; Glitch, 1922; Eiseman, 2019). The mature larvae are 5.0-6.5 mm long and 0.8-0.9 mm wide. When mature, each larva leaves the mine and spins a white, spindle-shaped cocoon beneath two parallel silken bands that meet in the middle. The cocoon are either spun on leaves, or the larvae drop to the ground or to lower vegetation to pupate. Glitch (1922) noted that the larvae can reach high densities on poplars in Arizona and defoliate entire branches. The final-instar larvae often descended from trees on silken threads where they were a nuisance to humans who were walking by. Overwintering occurred in the pupal stage. Dyer (1902) also observed large numbers of larvae in Colorado that significantly defoliated trees.
Larvae ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos, especially where associated with known host plants.
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution:
Paraleucoptera albella
is a wide-ranging species that is found in both the eastern and western North America. The range includes much of southern Canada from British Columbia and Alberta eastward to New Brunswick and Nova Scotia. In the US, populations occur in the West in California, Arizona and Colorado. In the east, the range extends from New Hampshire, Vermont, and Massachusetts westward to Illinois and Minnesota, and southward to Kentucky and North Carolina. As of 2021, all of our records are from the western Coastal Plain and eastern Piedmont.
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Flight Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge