Moths of North Carolina
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Coptotriche Members:
28 NC Records

Coptotriche aenea (Frey & Boll, 1873) - Blackberry Leafminer Moth

Coptotriche aenea
view caption 		Coptotriche aenea
view caption 		Coptotriche aenea
view caption 		Coptotriche aenea
view caption
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Tischerioidea		 Family:
Tischeriidae		P3 Number:
23a0041		 MONA Number:
149.00
Comments: Coptotriche is a genus of specialized leafminers that currently consists of 27 recognized Nearctic species. Most species fall within one of two major groups. Members of the first group typically have orangish to yellowish forewings (rarely white) and specialize on oaks and chestnuts, while members of the second group have dark gray, brown, or blackish forewings and mostly feed on members of the Rosaceae (Braun, 1972; Eiseman, 2019).
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions: Online Resources: MPG, BugGuide, iNaturalist, Google, BAMONA, GBIF, BOLDTechnical Description, Adults: Braun, 1972.Technical Description, Immature Stages: Braun, 1972.                                                                                 
Adult Markings: The following is from Braun's (1972) description of adults based on studies of 59 specimens from throughout the range of the species. The face is white with a slight metallic luster, and the head is bronzy lustrous. The antennal shaft of the male has long cilia, while that of the female has very fine short cilia towards the tip. The forewing is very lustrous metallic coppery and becomes darker and slightly purplish tinged at the apex. However, the brilliancy of the luster varies considerably among individuals. The hindwing is dark bronzy purplish and the cilia are concolorous. Near the base of the costa, a line of black scales is present that scarcely projects. The legs are dark gray, and the hind tarsi are white above. The abdomen is blackish bronzy. Coptotriche aenea is a member of the Rosaceae-feeding group and is superficially similar to other species with brownish, drab coloration. This is the only member of this group that feeds on Rubus spp., and the females have fine short cilia on the antennae that are confined to the tip. Other species with ciliated antennae use host plants other than Rubus and have cilia of similar size throughout the entire length of the female's antenna. This species is very similar to C. agrimoniella and is best distinguished using genitalia. The adults of both species have most commonly been obtained by rearing and have different host species.
Wingspan: 6.5-7.5 mm (Braun, 1972).
Adult Structural Features: Braun (1972) provides keys for identifying males and females based on genitalia. Her verbatim description of the genitalia follows: vinculum very obtusely angled; harpe broadly rounded at apex, clothed inwardly with long setae; anellus cylindric, its lateral margins sclerotized; aedeagus forking at two-thirds the length of the stalk, forks narrowing to the acute apices, clothed with scale-like cuticular outgrowths of several sizes; forks of uncus not widely separated, the sclerotization between them with a median pair of elliptical lobes, not always defined. Female genitalia (fig. 128). Ovipositor and lateral lobes equal in size, peg setae of the ovipositor lobes slender, some elongate and curved, setae of lateral lobes variable; sex opening posteriorly angled; posterior apophyses slender, anterior apophyses as long as the posterior apophyses; prela moderate in size, curved outwardly at apices.
Adult ID Requirements: Identifiable from photos showing hindwings, abdomen, or other specialized views [e.g., frons, palps, antennae, undersides].
Immatures and Development: The larvae mine the leaves of blackberries, dewberries, and raspberries (Rubus spp.). The mine usually lies between two lateral veins, but occasionally crosses a vein. The larva constructs a circular hole for ejection of frass near the beginning of the mine. The mine gradually increases in width and develops a light brown color. As feeding progresses, the loosened epidermis is drawn into several prominent longitudinal folds and the leaf is drawn together. The mine shape varies considerable and can range from being an elongated blotch (most common for North Carolina material), to somewhat funnel-shaped and much enlarged. Pupation takes place in a silken-lined chamber beneath the longitudinal folds, and the pupae have long forked setae. Larvae that we have examined from North Carolina vary from yellowish-green to light green and have a conspicuous dark brown to blackish head capsule.
Larvae ID Requirements: Identifiable from good quality photos, especially where associated with known host plants.
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution: Coptotriche aenea occurs throughout much of eastern North America. Populations have been documented from southern Canada to as far south as Texas and Florida (Braun, 1972; Eiseman, 2019). We have only a few records for North Carolina as of 2019 that are from the Blue Ridge and Coastal Plain (BugGuide). Additional searches for leaf mines will likely yield many more records.
County Map: Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Coptotriche aenea
Flight Dates:
 High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
 Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
 Piedmont (Pd)
 Coastal Plain (CP)

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