Moths of North Carolina
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Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACROLEPIIDAE-
ADELIDAE-
AMPHISBATIDAE-
AUTOSTICHIDAE-
BATRACHEDRIDAE-
BEDELLIIDAE-
BLASTOBASIDAE-
BOMBYCIDAE-
BUCCULATRICIDAE-
CARPOSINIDAE-
CHOREUTIDAE-
COLEOPHORIDAE-
COSMOPTERIGIDAE-
COSSIDAE-
CRAMBIDAE-
DEPRESSARIIDAE-
DREPANIDAE-
ELACHISTIDAE-
EPERMENIIDAE-
EPIPYROPIDAE-
EREBIDAE-Erebid Moths
ERIOCRANIIDAE-
EUTELIIDAE-
GALACTICIDAE-
GELECHIIDAE-
GEOMETRIDAE-
GLYPHIDOCERIDAE-
GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE-
GRACILLARIIDAE-
HELIOZELIDAE-
HEPIALIDAE-
HYBLAEIDAE-
INCURVARIIDAE-
LASIOCAMPIDAE-
LECITHOCERIDAE-Long-horned Moths
LIMACODIDAE-
LYONETIIDAE-
MEGALOPYGIDAE-Flannel Moths
MICROPTERIGIDAE-
MIMALLONIDAE-
MOMPHIDAE-Mompha Moths
NEPTICULIDAE-
NOCTUIDAE-Owlet Moths
NOLIDAE-
NOTODONTIDAE-
OECOPHORIDAE-
OPOSTEGIDAE-
PELEOPODIDAE-
PLUTELLIDAE-
PRODOXIDAE-
PSYCHIDAE-Bagworm Moths
PTEROPHORIDAE-
PYRALIDAE-
SATURNIIDAE-Saturniids
SCHRECKENSTEINIIDAE-
SESIIDAE-
SPHINGIDAE-Sphinx Moths
THYATIRIDAE-
THYRIDIDAE-
TINEIDAE-
TISCHERIIDAE-
TORTRICIDAE-
URANIIDAE-
URODIDAE-
XYLORYCTIDAE-
YPONOMEUTIDAE-
YPSOLOPHIDAE-
ZYGAENIDAE-
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Gracillariidae Members:
Acrocercops albinatella
Acrocercops astericola
Acrocercops strigosa
Acrocercops unidentified species
Anarsioses aberrans
Caloptilia alnivorella
Caloptilia azaleella
Caloptilia bimaculatella
Caloptilia blandella
Caloptilia cornusella
Caloptilia coroniella
Caloptilia flavella
Caloptilia glutinella
Caloptilia hypericella
Caloptilia invariabilis
Caloptilia juglandiella
Caloptilia negundella
Caloptilia ostryaeella
Caloptilia packardella
Caloptilia porphyretica
Caloptilia rhoifoliella
Caloptilia sassafrasella
Caloptilia serotinella
Caloptilia stigmatella
Caloptilia superbifrontella
Caloptilia triadicae
Caloptilia umbratella
Caloptilia unidentified species
Caloptilia violacella
Cameraria aceriella
Cameraria aesculisella
Cameraria arcuella
Cameraria bethunella
Cameraria betulivora
Cameraria caryaefoliella
Cameraria castaneaeella
Cameraria cincinnatiella
Cameraria conglomeratella
Cameraria corylisella
Cameraria fletcherella
Cameraria guttifinitella
Cameraria hamadryadella
Cameraria hamameliella
Cameraria lentella
Cameraria macrocarpella
Cameraria obstrictella
Cameraria ostryarella
Cameraria picturatella
Cameraria quercivorella
Cameraria saccharella
Cameraria tubiferella
Cameraria ulmella
Cameraria unidentified species
Chrysaster ostensackenella
Cremastobombycia ignota
Cremastobombycia solidaginis
Cremastobombycia unidentified species
Leucanthiza amphicarpeaefoliella
Leucospilapteryx unidentified species
Leucospilapteryx venustella
Macrosaccus morrisella
Macrosaccus robiniella
Macrosaccus uhlerella
Marmara apocynella
Marmara fasciella
Marmara fraxinicola
Marmara serotinella
Marmara smilacisella
Marmara unidentified species
Marmara viburnella
Micrurapteryx salicifoliella
Neurobathra strigifinitella
Parectopa lespedezaefoliella
Parectopa pennsylvaniella
Parectopa plantaginisella
Parectopa robiniella
Parectopa unidentified species
Parornix geminatella
Parornix preciosella
Parornix unidentified species
Parornix vicinella
Phyllocnistis ampelopsiella
Phyllocnistis hyperpersea
Phyllocnistis insignis
Phyllocnistis liquidambarisella
Phyllocnistis liriodendronella
Phyllocnistis liriodendronella__magnoliella complex
Phyllocnistis magnoliella
Phyllocnistis subpersea
Phyllocnistis unidentified species
Phyllocnistis vitegenella
Phyllocnistis vitifoliella
Phyllonorycter aeriferella
Phyllonorycter albanotella
Phyllonorycter argentifimbriella
Phyllonorycter argentinotella
Phyllonorycter auronitens
Phyllonorycter basistrigella
Phyllonorycter caryaealbella
Phyllonorycter celtifoliella
Phyllonorycter celtisella
Phyllonorycter crataegella
Phyllonorycter diversella
Phyllonorycter fitchella
Phyllonorycter intermixta
Phyllonorycter lucetiella
Phyllonorycter lucidicostella
Phyllonorycter mariaeella
Phyllonorycter martiella
Phyllonorycter obscuricostella
Phyllonorycter occitanica
Phyllonorycter ostryaefoliella
Phyllonorycter propinquinella
Phyllonorycter quercialbella
Phyllonorycter scudderella
Phyllonorycter tiliacella
Phyllonorycter trinotella
Phyllonorycter unidentified species
Porphyrosela desmodiella
Porphyrosela minuta
Porphyrosela unidentified species
Povolnya quercinigrella
Phyllonorycter
Members:
Phyllonorycter aeriferella
Phyllonorycter albanotella
Phyllonorycter argentifimbriella
Phyllonorycter argentinotella
Phyllonorycter auronitens
Phyllonorycter basistrigella
Phyllonorycter caryaealbella
Phyllonorycter celtifoliella
Phyllonorycter celtisella
Phyllonorycter crataegella
Phyllonorycter diversella
Phyllonorycter fitchella
Phyllonorycter intermixta
Phyllonorycter lucetiella
Phyllonorycter lucidicostella
Phyllonorycter mariaeella
Phyllonorycter martiella
Phyllonorycter obscuricostella
Phyllonorycter occitanica
Phyllonorycter ostryaefoliella
Phyllonorycter propinquinella
Phyllonorycter quercialbella
Phyllonorycter scudderella
Phyllonorycter tiliacella
Phyllonorycter trinotella
Phyllonorycter unidentified species
14 NC Records
Phyllonorycter basistrigella
(Clemens, 1859) - No Common Name
view caption
A view of the upper leaf surface of a lower-surface mine. Note how the larva has consumed all of the tissue except for the central region of the mine.
view caption
At the time of pupation, the larva collects frass from the edges of the mine and constructs an oval ring-like wall around the cocoon.
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Gracillarioidea
Family:
Gracillariidae
Subfamily:
Lithocolletinae
Tribe:
[Lithocolletini]
P3 Number:
330270.00
MONA Number:
738.00
Comments:
Phyllonorycter
is a genus of small and often colorful moths, with 79 described species in North America. The larvae of most form underside tentiform mines on woody plants and pupate within the mines.
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions:
Online Photographs:
BugGuide
;
MPG
;
iNaturalist
Technical Description, Adults:
Braun, 1908.
Adult Markings:
The following description is based in part on that of Clemens (1859). The antenna and front of the head are silvery, and the tuft is fulvous with a mix of silvery scales. The thorax is pale reddish golden, with a white streak on each side and one in the middle. The ground color of the forewing is shining ocherous saffron. There is a slender, straight, and unmargined white basal streak in the central portion of the wing that extends from the base to about one-third to one-half of the wing length. A narrow white line runs along the costa from near the base of the wing posteriorly (often faint along the costa). The line deflects inward at about one-half where it approaches a matching dorsal line that also extends from near the base and deflects inward. Posterior to where the costal and dorsal lines converge, there are typically three short white costal streaks and two dorsal streaks. The three costal streaks are aligned roughly perpendicular to the costa and are typically edged with dark scales on the anterior side. The first two are opposed and paired with two similar dorsal streaks. The first at the tornus is relatively large and triangular-shaped, while the second is greatly reduced in size and sometimes missing. This species lack an apical spot, but typically has a region of dark scales near the apex that extends forward to the apical and dorsal streaks to varying degrees (sometimes represented as two large patches). The cilia are pale fulvous with a blackish marginal line that is sometimes obscure or missing. The hindwing is gray, with cilia that are gray with a fulvous hue.
Wingspan:
8 mm (Braun, 1908).
Adult ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos of unworn specimens.
Immatures and Development:
The larvae mine the undersides of oak leaves. A larva typically produces an oblong to rectangular-shaped mine between two veins. The mine is smooth and unwrinkled, and the larva deposits frass along the edges of the mine. At the time of pupation, the frass is collected from the edges and made into an oval ring-like wall around the cocoon (Eiseman, 2019). The cuticle is transparent and the pupa is plainly visible through the epidermis (Braun, 1908; Eiseman, 2019).
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution:
Phyllonorycter basistrigella
is widely distributed across Canada, the eastern US, and as far west as California. Populations in the western US may represent an undescribed species. In eastern North America, this species occurs in southern Canada and throughout much of the eastern US from the Great Lakes region eastward to Maine and southward to North Carolina. We have records from all three physiographic provinces in North Carolina.
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Flight Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Immature Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Flight Comments:
Local populations appear to have at least two broods each year. As of 2020, our earliest seasonal records are from April along the coast, while other records are from July-Sept.
Habitats and Life History
Habitats:
This species specializes on oaks and exploits members of both the white oak and red oak group. Populations occur in a wide variety of urban and natural habitats that support the host species. Examples include urban neighborhoods and parks, wet to dry hardwood forests, and mixed hardwood-pine forests.
Larval Host Plants:
Host species that occur in eastern North America (Eiseman, 2019) include White Oak (
Q. alba
), Swamp White Oak (
Q. bicolor
), Scarlet Oak (
Q. coccinea
), Shingle Oak (
Q. imbricaria
), Bur Oak (
Q. macrocarpa
), Swamp Chestnut Oak (
Q. michauxii
), Rock Chestnut Oak (
Q. montana
), Dwarf Chinquapin Oak (
Q. prinoides
), Northern Red Oak (
Q. rubra
), Post Oak (
Q. stellata
), and Black Oak (
Q. velutina
).
Observation Methods:
The adults are attracted to lights and have been successfully reared from leaf mines with mature larvae or pupae.
Wikipedia
See also Habitat Account for
General Oak-Hickory Forests
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks:
GNR S2S4
State Protection:
Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.
Comments:
North Carolina appears to be at or near the southern limit of the range. We currently do not have sufficient information on the distribution and abundance of this species within the state as assess its conservation status.
Photo Gallery for
Phyllonorycter basistrigella
- No common name
Photos: 18
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-07-10
Madison Co.
Comment: An adult that was reared from White Oak; mine with pupa on July 2; adult emerged on July 10, 2022.
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-07-10
Madison Co.
Comment: An adult that was reared from White Oak; mine with pupa on July 2; adult emerged on July 10, 2022.
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-07-10
Madison Co.
Comment: An adult that was reared from White Oak; mine with pupa on July 2; adult emerged on July 10, 2022.
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-07-02
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-07-02
Madison Co.
Comment: A pupa in a White Oak mine that is surrounded by a ring of frass (see companion photo of the adult that emerged on 2022-07-10).
Recorded by: tom ward on 2022-05-04
Buncombe Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: tom ward on 2022-05-04
Buncombe Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-05-03
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2021-07-20
Swain Co.
Comment: Adult was reared from Northern Red Oak; mine collected on July 9; adult emerged on 20 July, 2021.
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2021-07-09
Swain Co.
Comment: An upper-surface view of an occupied mine on Northern Red Oak; adult emerged on 2021-07-20 (see companion photo).
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2021-07-09
Swain Co.
Comment: An lower-surface, occupied mine on Northern Red Oak; adult emerged on 2021-07-20 (see companion photo).
Recorded by: Rob Van Epps on 2020-06-23
Mecklenburg Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Kyle Kittelberger on 2020-05-24
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Kyle Kittelberger on 2020-04-13
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Kyle Kittelberger on 2020-04-13
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Gary Maness on 2019-07-01
Guilford Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: B. Bockhahn, K. Kittelberger on 2017-04-12
Gates Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Harry Wilson on 2014-04-03
Wake Co.
Comment: