Orthoptera of North Carolina

sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
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Anaxipha thomasi Thomas's Trig checklist_number: 167.0	One of thirteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2017); nine have been recorded in North Carolina. Thomasi belongs to the Exigua Species Group, which also includes exigua, tinnula, tinnulacita, and tinnulenta in North Carolina (Walker and Funk, 2014).	A very small, brown Trig. Like other members of the Exigua group, it possess a broad dark stripe on the lateral face of the femur (Walker and Funk, 2014). Structural features -- particularly the numbe...	This species appears to be particularly tied to pine forests (Walker and Funk, 2014) and our records come from stands dominated by Shortleaf Pine with some Scrub Pine also present. ...	Apparently unrecorded; possibly omnivorous...	Singing males are most easily detected but they may also be captured using sweep netting...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	[GNR] S2S4	This recently described species is still too poorly known across its range to estimate either its global or state conservation status. Its occurrence in stands of upland pine forests suggests, however...
Allonemobius walkeri Walker's Ground Cricket checklist_number: 143.0	One of ten species in this genus, all of which occur in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2017). Eight species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A red-brown to blackish ground cricket (following Alexnder and Thomas's description of allardi). The head is brown with two to three darker stripes, which are usually not contrasting, particularly at ...	According to Howard and Furth (1986), A. walkeri inhabits dry grassy fields and pastures, nearly always co-occurring with A. allardi, at least where their geographic ranges overlap. Records from North...	Probably omnivorous...	Most easily detected by its song...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	[GNR] S3S4	Although this species appears to be associated with common types of vegetation, it was considered rare by Howard and Furth (1986) and by Hershberger (2021). Not enough is yet known about its distribut...
Conocephalus stictomerus Spotted-Legged Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 199.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	Rehn and Hebard (1915) described the coloration of this species as striking and distinctive. The face is capucine (pinkish) orange, with a median vertical stripe of mahogany red. The eyes, genae, occi...	Found in luxuriant grasses along the borders of both fresh and brackish marshes (Rehn and Hebard, 1915)...	...	Rehn and Hebard (1915) noted that this species is sparse and difficult to collect in their marsh grass habitats using "strenuous and continuous beating"....		[GNR] S2S3	Most of our records are historic, dating from before 1932. However, one recent entry on BugGuide from Currituck County is a good match to the coloration of this species. Two iNaturalist records from t...
Allonemobius allardi Allard's Ground Cricket checklist_number: 135.0	One of ten species in this genus, all of which occur in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2017). Eight species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A red-brown to blackish ground cricket (Alexander and Thomas, 1959). The head is brown with two to three darker stripes, which are usually not contrasting, particularly at the rear of the head, but fo...	Allonemobius allardi inhabits well-drained grassy and weedy habitats, including "lawns, pastures, fields, and roadsides" (Alexander and Thomas, 1959). It often occurs with A. walkeri, but tinnulus is ...	Probably omnivorous...	Most easily detected by its song, which is given both day and night. ...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	GNR [SU]	There are still too few records for this species in North Carolina to determine its distribution and conservation status. Records from the Piedmont need to be verified based on spectrograms or, prefer...
Orchelimum bradleyi Bradley's Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 203.0	One of nineteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2018), thirteen of which have been recorded in North Carolina	A relatively slender member of the Greater Meadow Katydids. Most of the head, body, and appendages are light green, with two diverging brown lines running from the vertex to the hind edge of the thora...	Associated with Maiden Cane and Sawgrass marshes...	Not recorded; probably omnivorous...	Individuals dive into the water when disturbed, making them difficult to capture (Rehn and Hebard, 1915)...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	GNR [SH]	We have only a couple of records for this species, none of which are recent. It is likely to be restricted to the Tidewater area, where it is a fairly strong habitat specialist. The grassy marsh habit...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Conocephalus spartinae Saltmarsh Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 198.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	Males and females are typically a bright grass-green color, but a light brown form is also seen occasionally (Fox, 1912). The occiput and dorsal medial stripe of the pronotum are brown. The terminal h...	Salt marshes, especially in association with Spartina patens but also occasionally seen in Juncus marshes or on grasses on the shores next to marshes (Fox, 1912; Rehn and Hebard, 1915)...	...	...		[GNR] [S2S4]	...
Conocephalus aigialus Seashore Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 191.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	A small green and yellow Lesser Meadow Katydid. Head, thorax, and the anterior portion of the abdomen are green, shading into bright yellow on the posterior portion of the abdomen, with the cerci also...	According to Rehn and Hebard (1915), this species is restricted to beaches and tidal rivers along the Atlantic Coast, where it is found primarily in the halophytic vegetation growing along the shoreli...	...	...		[GNR] S1S3	...
Conocephalus nigropleuroides Tidewater Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 196.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	Males and females are similarly dark brown in coloration, although there is also an uncommon lighter olive form (Fox, 1912). The face is dark brown except on the genae, which are green with a brown su...	Salt marshes; associated with Spartina patens and other species (Fox, 1912; Rehn and Hebard, 1915)...	...	...		[GNR] [SH]	This species has not been recorded in North Carolina since 1932. No recent records exist on GBIF or BugGuide along the Atlantic Coast north of Florida. ...
Euhadenoecus puteanus A Cave Cricket checklist_number: 189.0	One of four species in this genus, all of which occur in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2018). Two species have been recorded in North Carolina.	Euhadenoecus puteanus is similar in coloration to E. adelphus but is usually somewhat paler and smaller; individuals at high elevations, however, may be distinguishable only by male reproductive struc...	...	...	...		GNR [S3S5]	...
Conocephalus allardi Allard's Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 192.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	A small, green and brown, short-winged Lesser Meadow Katydid. The face, sides of the thorax, and legs are green, as are the tegmina in the females; in males, the tegmina are brownish-green (Blatchley,...	Allard (as described by Blatchley, 1920) found this species at an elevation above 4,000 in northern Georgia, where it occurred in sunny, grassy spots in the woods....	...	...		[GNR] [SH]	This species appears to be extremely rare, if even still extant, globally. The most recent record for it anywhere comes from a site in Kansas in 1994 (GBIF). The 1952 record from Cherokee County, NC, ...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Conocephalus strictus Straight-Lanced Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 200.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	A small (large for the genus), short-winged Lesser Meadow Katydid. The head and sides of thorax and abdomen are green and a dorsal brown stripe runs from the fastigium and occiput of the head down the...	Blatchley (1920) describes the habitat of this species as consisting of "dry upland meadows, open pastures, and prairies". ...	...	...		GNR S5	...
Neoconocephalus retusus Round-Tipped Conehead checklist_number: 223.0		...	Fulton (1932) describes this species as found "usually in grass."...	...	...		GNR S4S5	...
Conocephalus saltans Prairie Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 197.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	A small, reddish-brown to bluish-green, short-winged Lesser Meadow Katydid. The typical form is dull reddish-brown. The face is marked with a dark stripe or blotch and a wide stripe of brown runs from...	Blatchley (1920) described this species as xerophilous, associated with dry upland prairies and sandy barrens. Populations have been found in association with Andropogon and other dry bunch-grasses, N...	Individuals have been observed on forbs but their dietary range needs to be more fully documented....	Best found by flushing individuals by walking through their habitat...		G5 S2S3	More surveys are needed to document the conservation status of this species in North Carolina. However, apart from a single recent record, this species has not been collected in the state since the 19...
Neonemobius cubensis Cuban Ground Cricket checklist_number: 147.0	One of six species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2017), three of which have been recorded in North Carolina	Cubensis is a small, brownish-black ground cricket that is similar in general appearance and color to palustris but is not as solid in coloration, possessing patches of pale grayish-buff markings (Heb...	Fulton (1931) states that cubensis is largely a marsh species, found at the edges of both freshwater and brackish marshes; also found along streams and other moist places with dense herbaceous cover...	Probably omnivorous...	Most easily detected by its song. Long-winged individuals are also seen at moth sheets with 15 watt UV lights....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	[GNR S4S5]	This species appears to be widespread and occupies fairly common habitat types. It therefore seems to be secure within the state. ...
Allonemobius maculatus Spotted Ground Cricket checklist_number: 139.0	One of ten species in this genus, all of which occur in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2017). Eight species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A small, chestnut to dark brown ground cricket. The eyes of both sexes have a characteristic pale, yellowish ring around the outer side. The thorax and hind legs are spotted with piceous (glossy, blac...	According to Fulton (1931), maculatus is strictly a forest species, ranging from bottomland hardwoods to stands of mesic hardwoods on slopes. Some degree of shade and the presence of hardwood leaf lit...	Probably omnivorous...	Most easily detected by song...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	GNR [S4S5]	This species is at least somewhat specialized in its habitat associations and the lack of hindwings probably limits its ability to disperse. Although more records are needed to determine its distribut...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
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Odontoxiphidium apterum Wingless Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 201.0	This is one of two members of this strictly southeastern North American genus (Cigliano et al., 2024). Only O. apterum occurs in North Carolina with O. apalachicolae confined to the Appalachicola delta.	A small, green and brown meadow katydid. The top of the head, pronotum, and abdomen are reddish-brown, bordered by a yellow line that runs along the lateral carinae of the pronotum and continuing alon...	...	...	...		[GNR] [SU]	...
Conocephalus nemoralis Woodland Meadow Katydid checklist_number: 195.0	One of nineteen species in this large worldwide genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2018; Cigliano et al., 2018); ten have been recorded in North Carolina	This is a dark blackish-green species with contrasting yellowish-brown tegmina. The face is typically dark brown with two pale lines extending from the fastigium along the sides of the vertex. These p...	Blatchley (1920) describes the habitat consisting of successional habitats consisting of coarse weeds, blackberries, and low shrubs; also occurs along woodland margins, fence rows, and other open habi...	...	...		GNR [SU]	...
Anaxipha delicatula Chirping Trig checklist_number: 164.0	One of thirteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2017); nine of which have been recorded in North Carolina. Delicatula is part of the Delicatula Species Group, which also includes A. vernalis.	A very small, brown Trig. Unlike most members of the Exigua Group, it lacks a stripe on the lateral face of the femur (Walker and Funk, 2014). Structural features -- particularly the number of pegs on...	Occurs with tinnula in "in cordgrass marshes of coastal NC" (Walker and Funk, 2014); they also occur in "fresh water marshes, including lizardtail (Saururus) and cattails (Typha); on herbaceous underg...	Apparently unrecorded; possibly omnivorous...	Singing males are most easily detected but they may also be captured using sweep netting...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	GNR [SU]	This species reaches the northern extent of its range in North Carolina and except possibly for the specimens from Corolla, our few records are mostly historic and one recent record is somewhat questi...
Cycloptilum bidens Two-Toothed Scaly Cricket checklist_number: 128.0	One of sixteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Love and Walker, 1979), four of which have been recorded in North Carolina. Cycloptilum bidens belongs to the Bidens Complex of the Squamosum Species Group of Love and Walker (1979).	A very small, mottled brown Scaly Cricket. The general color is light reddish brown but the scales are blackish or dark gray, producing a mottled appearance overall, especially in unworn individuals (...	Love and Walker (1979) describe the habitat of bidens in Florida as well-drained, frequently burned areas of sandy soil, usually supporting stands of Longleaf Pine and/or xerophytic oaks; in North Car...	Undescribed but this species is possibly omnivorous...	Members of this species group live either on the ground or in dense ground cover and are hard to observe directly. Singing males are the easiest to detect and to identify. Spectrograms or waveforms sh...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	[GNR] [SU]	We currently have too few records for this species to be sure about anything with regard to its biology. More surveys need to be conducted to determine the taxonomic identity, distribution, abundance,...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Dichromorpha viridis Short-winged Green Grasshopper checklist_number: 17.0	One of four members of this New World genus, three of which occur in North America north of Mexico (Cignlano et al., 2018), and two in North Carolina	A small, green or brown, short-winged, Slant-faced Grasshopper. Females are usually uniformly colored either green or brown -- with some degree of speckling. Males are more bicolored, often green on t...	This species occupies a wide range of grassy habitats, ranging from native savannas and shorelines to roadside edges and lawns. Most of our records come from fairly wet habitats and none from the dry-...	Reported to be a grass-feeding species, found on a variety of native grasses as well as turf species (Capinera et al., 1997)...	Best found by walking through its habitat and flushing individuals into making short jumps...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	G5 [S5]	This species is widespread and occupies a wide range of habitats, including those disturbed or alterd by human activities. This species appears to be very secure within the state....
Dichromorpha elegans Elegant Grasshopper checklist_number: 16.0	One of four members of this New World genus, three of which occur in North America north of Mexico (Cignlano et al., 2018), and two in North Carolina	A small, greenish to brownish Slant-faced Grasshopper. Females are mostly all green or brown but males are often green on the dorsal surfaces and pale brown on their sides (Otte, 1981). The lateral ca...	Associated with wet grasslands. Most of our records come from Wet Pine Savannas or Sandhill Seeps. It is also found in Tidewater marshes, probably most commonly in freshwater habitats (Blatchley, 1920...	Probably feeds on wetland graminoids...	Best found by walking through its habitat and flushing individuals into making short jumps....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	G5 [S3S4]	This species has a narrow range within the state and is relatively specialized in habitats, some of which -- Longleaf Pine Savannas, Carolina Bays, and Sandhill Seeps -- have undergone major declines ...
Anaxipha tinnula Tidewater Trig checklist_number: 168.0	One of thirteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2017); nine have been recorded in North Carolina. Tinnula belongs to the Exigua Species Group, which also includes exigua, tinnulacita, thomasi, and tinnulenta in North Carolina (Walker and Funk, 2014).	A very small, brown Trig. Like other members of the exigua group, it possess a stripe on the lateral face of the femur, although it is often pale or obsolescent in this species (Walker and Funk, 2014)...	Appears to be restricted to marsh grasses, including those of saltwater marshes (Carolina Beach) and fresh-to-brackish marshes (New Bern and Swanquarter) (Fulton, 1956)...	Associated with tall grasses, sedges, and rushes but its exact diet is unrecorded...	Most easily detected by its song. Fulton (1956) noted that tinnula, like tinnulenta and tinnulacita, sing most vigorously in the morning and much less on cool nights....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	[GNR] [S3S4]	All of our records for this species are historic, although it is highly likely to still occur in our coastal marshes. It appears to be highly specialized on tall marsh graminoids and is likely to be v...
Anaxipha litarena Beach Trig checklist_number: 166.0	One of thirteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (SINA, 2017); nine have been recorded in North Carolina. Litarena was placed in the Litarena Species Group by Walker and Funk (2014), which also includes rosamacula, a species recently added to the North Carolina list.	A very small, pale tan Trig. Unlike members of the Exigua Group, it lacks a stripe on the lateral face of the femur (Walker and Funk, 2014). That separates it from tinnula, which occupies the same ha...	Fulton recorded this species from a fairly wide range of tidewater habitats in North Carolina, including a dry sand ridge at Carolina Beach (possibly the tract of Coastal Fringe Sandhills where the st...	Apparently unrecorded; possibly omnivorous...	Singing males are most easily detected but they may also be captured using sweep netting...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	GNR S3S4	This species appears to be restricted to the Tidewater region of the state, where it has been recorded in marshes and dunes. With so few current records, we still know too little about the distributio...
Orchelimum minor Lesser Pine Katydid checklist_number: 210.0	One of nineteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2018), thirteen of which have been recorded in North Carolina	This is a strongly red, green, and brown variegated species, well suited to blend in with its pine top habitats. Its dorsal surface is dark, reddish-brown, its eyes and tibiae of all legs are a lighte...	...	...	This species spends most of its time high up in pine trees and is rarely seen on the ground. Its song is also so high pitched that only the bottom-most of its frequency range is usually detected, if a...		[GNR] S3S4	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Dendrotettix australis Southern Dendrotettix checklist_number: 73.0	One of three species in this genus endemic to eastern North America (Cigliano et al., 2018), two of which have been recorded in North Carolina	This is strikingly marked, short-winged, arboreal grasshopper. The head, pronotum, and dorsal surface of the abdomen are predominately pale, ranging from buff to bluish-green to white. Dark brown to b...	Our records all come from dry ridges...	Friauf (1957) stated that almost all records for this species come from Scrub Pines (P. virginianus), which is presumably used for food....	This species is arboreal and probably best searched for following windy nights....		GU SU	...
Melanoplus strumosus Swollen Spur-throat Grasshopper checklist_number: 66.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina. Included by Blatchley (1920) in the Puer Species Group, of which only strumosus and mirus have been recorded in North Carolina	A small, reddish-brown, short-winged Melanoplus. The dorsal surface of the head and pronotum are reddish brown. In males, the lateral piceous-black stripe runs from just behind the eye, across the upp...	This species appears to be found only in frequently burned sandridges in the Coastal Plain, where its color pattern blends in well with scorched vegetation and longleaf pine needles....	...	Can be flushed by walking through its habitat...		G4G5 S3S4	This species appears to be a specialist on frequently burned longleaf pine-dominated habitats in the Coastal Plain. Its range appears to be limited but it can usually be found where suitable habitat e...
Melanoplus scudderi Scudder's Short-winged Locust checklist_number: 63.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina. This species is member of the Scudderi Species Group described by Jovonn Hill (2015), along with Melanoplus coreyi.	A small, short-winged Melanoplus. The body is grayish-brown to gray, with the most conspicuous mark the piceous black stripe that runs from behind the eye along the lateral field of the pronotum just ...	Successional fields and ruderal areas with abundant old field forbs and grasses...	Polyphagous, feeding on both forbs and grasses...	Can be flushed by walking through its habitat...		G5 [S5]	...
Melanoplus coreyi Corey's Short-winged Grasshopper checklist_number: 35.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A small, short-winged Melanoplus. The body is grayish-brown to gray, with the most conspicuous mark the piceous black stripe that runs from behind the eye along the lateral field of the pronotum just ...	All known specimens come from frequently burned, sandhills habitat. Several were collected in the vicinity of sandhill seeps or in association with scrub oaks, habitats that often support a rich diver...	Probably feeds primarily on forbs, as is true for M. scudderi....	Best found by flushing individuals while walking through areas of their habitat....		GNR S1	This species appears to be endemic to North Carolina and narrowly restricted to the Fall-line Sandhills. As such, it is one of the rarest species in North America and should be of particular conservat...
Melanoplus sanguinipes Migratory Locust checklist_number: 60.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina. Along with M. propinquus and femurrubrum, M. sanguinipes belongs to the Sanguinipes Species Group (Cigiano et al., 2017).	This is a grayish-brown, long-winged species. The usual postoccular dark stripe is present but may be incomplete on the metazona. The hind femur has two dark marks on the outer face. The hind tibiae a...	Prefers successional fields and other open herbaceous areas...	Polyphagous, feeding on both forbs and graminoids. This species is considered to be the worst crop pest among the North American grasshoppers, particularly in the prairie region where it can form imme...	...		G5 [S4S5]	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Melanoplus sanguinipes atlanis Lesser Migratory Locust checklist_number: 61.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina. Along with M. propinquus and femurrubrum, M. sanguinipes belongs to the Sanguinipes Species Group (Cigiano et al., 2017).	This is a grayish-brown, long-winged species. The usual postoccular dark stripe is present but may be incomplete on the metazona. The hind femur has two dark marks on the outer face. The hind tibiae a...	...	...	...		G5 S5	...
Melanoplus nigrescens Black-sided Spur-throat Grasshopper checklist_number: 52.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina.	This is relatively large for a short-winged species of Melanoplus. The dorsal surfaces of the head and pronotum are a dark grayish brown. The piceous black stripe typical of Melanoplus species is pres...	This species appears to be strongly associated with dry-xeric stands of oak forests. These probably include maritime forests at Southport, where it was originally discovered. Inland in the Coastal Pla...	Unobserved, but in the Uwharries it appears to be associated with tangles of Muscadine, which commonly cover extensive areas of the ground. Xerophytic heaths are another possibility, as are the xeroph...	Found by flushing individuals while walking through their habitat....	[W3]	GU S2S3	This species is known only from a few sites in the Southeast, with specimens documented from North Carolina, Georgia, and Alabama (Hill and Dakin, 2011). In North Carolina, it is known only from three...
Melanoplus walshii Walsh's Locust checklist_number: 69.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A yellowish-brown, short-winged Melanoplus with red hind tibiae; males are darker brown than the tannish females. The tegmina are similar to those of nigrescens in showing a strong differentiation bet...	...	...	...		G4G5 S3S4	...
Melanoplus differentialis Differential Locust checklist_number: 40.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A large, long-winged Melanoplus. The body is usually yellowish- to greenish-brown, with unmarked tegmina. The dark lateral stripe characteristic of most members of this genus is poorly developed to ab...	Found in open, herbaceous fields, often in wet areas. ...	Polyphagous, preferring broad-leafed forbs but also feeding on grasses. Can be a pest species of cultivated crops....	...		G5 [S5]	...
Melanoplus devius Devious Melanoplus checklist_number: 39.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina. Melanoplus devius was included in the Ovobatipennis Species Group described by Blatchley (1920) but is left out of the Tribulus Species Group as currently definedby Cigliano et al. (accessed 2024-10). This group was recently reviewed by Hill (2014), who included Melanoplus decoratus, moresi, rusticus, tepidus, tribuloides, and tribulus. Hill also added Melanolplus nossi, which he described in this paper, and thought that devius could possibly be included based on external morphology. In North Carolina, members of the Tribulus Group include decoratus, tribulus, nossi, and provisionally, devius.	A small, short-winged (flightless) grasshopper. As in other members of the Tribulus Species Group, The dorsal surface of the head and body is dark, reddish-brown. A shining black stripe runs from the ...	In the mountains, this species appears to be associated with fairly open stands of hardwoods. At one site in the Piedmont, however, it was collected in an old, never-mowed pasture....	...	...		GU S2S3	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Melanoplus tribulus checklist_number: 68.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina. Melanoplus tribulus was included in the Ovobatipennis Species Group described by Blatchley (1920) but in the Tribulus Species Group as currently defined by Cigliano et al. (accessed 2024-10). This group was recently reviewed by Hill (2014), who included Melanoplus decoratus, moresi, rusticus, tepidus, tribuloides, and tribulus. Hill also added Melanolplus nossi, which he described in this paper, and thought that devius could possibly be included based on external morphology. In North Carolina, members of the Tribulus Group include decoratus, tribulus, nossi, and provisionally, devius.	...	...	...	...		G4G5 SU	...
Melanoplus decoratus Decorated Melanoplus checklist_number: 37.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina. Melanoplus decoratus was included in the Ovobatipennis Species Group described by Blatchley (1920) but in the Tribulus Species Group as currently defined by Cigliano et al. (accessed 2024-10). This group was recently reviewed by Hill (2014), who included Melanoplus decoratus, moresi, rusticus, tepidus, tribuloides, and tribulus. Hill also added Melanolplus nossi, which he described in this paper, and thought that devius could possibly be included based on external morphology. In North Carolina, members of the Tribulus Group include decoratus, tribulus, nossi, and provisionally, devius.	A small, short-winged (flightless) grasshopper. The dorsal surface of the head and body is dark, reddish-brown. A shining black stripe runs from the back of the eye and extending along the sides of th...	Rehn and Hebard (1916) describe decoratus as "scarce in the undergrowth of heavy chestnut forest" and found "among oak sprouts in a tangle of other plants and vines in pine woods"...	Unrecorded...	Probably best found by flushing adults by walking through their habitats...	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	GU S1S2->[SH]	This species is known in North Carolina primarily (or exclusively) from historic records. However, it does not appear to be particularly specialized in terms of habitats or elevational range and is l...
Melanoplus confusus Pasture Grasshopper checklist_number: 34.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A fairly small, brownish-yellow, long-winged Melanoplus. The typical dark stripes on the upper sides of the pronotum are the most conspicuous marks. The hind tibiae are typically pale blue but can als...	...	...	...		G5 SH	...
Melanoplus bivittatus Two-striped Grasshopper checklist_number: 30.0	Melanoplus is our largest genus of Orthopterans, with over 350 species occurring in North America (Cigliano et al., 2017). 38 species have been recorded in North Carolina.	A large, long-winged, grayish- or reddish-brown Melanoplus. Distinctively marked with two pale lines on the dorsual surface, each running from the inner side of the eye, across the pronotum and along ...	Prefers open fields of successional forbs and grasses, both wet and fairly dry...	Prefers forbs but also feeds on grasses (Capineira et al., 2004)...	...		G5 [S5]	...
Paratylotropidia beutenmuelleri Beutenmüller's Locust checklist_number: 22.0	One of two species in this North American genus.	A small, reddish-brown to grayish-brown flightless grasshopper. From a photograph of a Virginia specimen found in the Ridge and Valley Province west of Roanoke, the head and pronotum form a nearly lev...	...	...	...		G4 SH	This species has been collected at several sites in the mountains of North Carolina but the last record was apparently from 1950. It has also been collected at several sites in the mountains of South ...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Schistocerca lineata Spotted Bird Locust checklist_number: 5.0	One of about 50 species of New World locusts, with only the Migratory Locust found in the Old World (Song, 2004). Six species are found in North Carolina.	A large species, similar in size to S. americana and S. obscura. According to Song (2004): "coloration extremely variable (brown, olive, green, or black and yellow). Upper carina and upper carinula wi...	According to Song (2004), lineata "is abundant in sandy areas but is also frequently found in other habitats"...	...	...		[GNR] SH	...
Schistocerca damnifica Mischievous Bird Locust checklist_number: 4.0	One of about 50 species of New World locusts, with only the Migratory Locust found in the Old World (Song, 2004). Six species are found in North Carolina.	The entire body is rusty brown, with slight mottling on the tegmina (Song, 2004). The median carina of the pronotum yellow to orange and is distinctly elevated. The antennae are shorter than the lengt...	...	...	...		G5 [S5]	...
Schistocerca obscura Obscure Bird Locust checklist_number: 6.0	One of about 50 species of New World locusts, with only the Migratory Locust found in the Old World (Song, 2004). Six species are found in North Carolina.	A large species, similar in size to the American Locust. The body of this species is olive green to liver colored (Song, 2004) with the tegmina uniformly purplish liver color except for the extending ...	Habitat includes both fields and open woodlands (Song, 2004). ...	Song (2004) lists woody species as preferred host plants; hackberry is preferred in some areas....	...		G5 [S4S5]	...
Schistocerca americana American Bird Locust checklist_number: 3.0	One of about 50 species of New World locusts, with only the Migratory Locust found in the Old World (Song, 2004). Six species are found in North Carolina.	Unmistakable. A large yellowish- or reddish-brown locust with strongly mottled tegmina. The head is pale with vertical brown streaks and a blackish line bordered by white under the eye. A pale mid-dor...	Found in both fields and open woodlands. Often abundant in fallow fields or pastures that have become somethat brushy. This species also overwinters in open, sunny woods, becoming active on warm days....	Highly polyphagous and sometimes becoming a significant crop pest...	This species is easy to flush by walking through its habitat. When disturbed they often fly long distances or up into trees....		G5 [S5]	...
Schistocerca rubiginosa Rusty Bird Locust checklist_number: 7.0	One of about 50 species of New World locusts, with only the Migratory Locust found in the Old World (Song, 2004). Six species are found in North Carolina.	A fairly large, usually unmarked, rusty-brown locust. A yellowish mid-dorsal stripe can be present but is usually missing. In S. alutacea or S. damnifica, it is always present. ...	This species prefers xeric to xeric-mesic habitats, particulary sandy areas (Song, 2004). ...	...	...		G3G5 [S3S4]	...
sciName	taxonomic_comments	id_comments	habitat	diet	observation_methods	state_protection	NHP_ranks	status_comments
Schistocerca alutacea Leather-colored Bird Locust checklist_number: 2.0	One of about 50 species of New World locusts, with only the Migratory Locust found in the Old World (Song, 2004). Six species are found in North Carolina.	A fairly large, greenish-brown to rusty-brown locust. A yellowish mid-dorsal stripe is always present in this species, whereas it is frequently missing in S. rubiginosa. ...	This species prefers shrubby,moist to wet situations, including bogs, swamps, marshes, and thickets bordering mesic forests (Song, 2004). Most of our records come from pocosins....	...	...		G5 [S4S5]	...
Metaleptea brevicornis Clipped-Wing Grasshopper checklist_number: 1.0	One of two species in this genus and the only one that occurs in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., 2018)	A medium-large, green and brown, Slant-faced Grasshopper. Males are usually green on their dorsal surfaces, from their face and top of the head, across the thorax, and onto the dorsal field of the teg...	Morse (1904) described the habitat as consisting of the "rank herbage of swamps, meadows, and the vicinity of streams". The majority of our records come from these habitats, primarily grassy areas alo...	Apparently undescribed but probably consists primarily of graminoids...	Probably best found by flushing it by walking through its habitat. When disturbed, however, they may fly for some distance before landing....	Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands	G5 S4S5	This species may once been associated primarily with beaver pond habitats but was able to persist in other wet, grassy, shorelines when the beaver were nearly exterminated over most of the continent. ...
Paroxya clavuligera Olive-green Swamp Grasshopper checklist_number: 71.0	One of four species in this genus found in North America north of Mexico (Cigliano et al., accessed 2023-11-07), two of which have been recorded in North Carolina. This genus is similar in appearance to other members of the Melanoplinae but can be recognized by their long pronota, which are twice as long as the average breadth, and by the very long antennae of the males, which are at least twice as long as the pronotum (Blatchely, 1920).	This species is often pale green or blue-green in color rather the brown shade typical of P. atlantica, although brown forms also occur. These two species are best distinguished by size -- P. clavulig...	...	...	...		G5 [S3S4]	...
Amblycorypha peedee Pee Dee Round-winged Katydid checklist_number: 284.0	One of seventeen species in this genus that occur in North America (Cigliano et al., accessed 2024-09-25; Forrest et al., 2023). Seven species have been recorded in North Carolina.	Green, with only the stridulatory field of the males marked with brown. Species of this group are distinguished by the songs of the males....	Xeric sandhills woodlands and scrub (Forrest et al., 2023)....	...	Probably best detected by the songs of the males. Can also be collected by sweep-netting or by direct search at night....	This species currently has no formal protection in North Carolina, although permits are needed to collect it on state parks or game lands.	S1S2	This recently described species is believed to be found only north of the Pee Dee River, with all records coming from North Carolina. It appears to be associated with xeric pine-oak scrub habitats, al...
Amblycorypha arenicola Sandhill Virtuoso Katydid checklist_number: 229.0	One of seventeen species in this genus that occur in North America (Cigliano et al., accessed 2024-09-25; Forrest et al., 2023). Seven species have been recorded in North Carolina.	Males of the Uhleri Species Group are characterized by their possession of a pair of dark spots on the lateral carina of the pronotum (Walker, 2006). Arenicola and longinicta are probably indistinguis...	Associated with xeric to mesic, fire-maintained sandhill scrub communities. Stands with xerophytic oaks may be preferred, although individuals can occasionally be found in herb-dominated sandhill comm...	...	Probably most easily detected by the male songs....		GNR S2S3	...