Moths of North Carolina
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Significant Contributors
Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACROLEPIIDAE-
ADELIDAE-
AMPHISBATIDAE-
AUTOSTICHIDAE-
BATRACHEDRIDAE-
BEDELLIIDAE-
BLASTOBASIDAE-
BOMBYCIDAE-
BUCCULATRICIDAE-
CARPOSINIDAE-
CHOREUTIDAE-
COLEOPHORIDAE-
COSMOPTERIGIDAE-
COSSIDAE-
CRAMBIDAE-
DEPRESSARIIDAE-
DREPANIDAE-
ELACHISTIDAE-
EPERMENIIDAE-
EPIPYROPIDAE-
EREBIDAE-Erebid Moths
ERIOCRANIIDAE-
EUTELIIDAE-
GALACTICIDAE-
GELECHIIDAE-
GEOMETRIDAE-
GLYPHIDOCERIDAE-
GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE-
GRACILLARIIDAE-
HELIOZELIDAE-
HEPIALIDAE-
HYBLAEIDAE-
INCURVARIIDAE-
LASIOCAMPIDAE-
LECITHOCERIDAE-Long-horned Moths
LIMACODIDAE-
LYONETIIDAE-
MEGALOPYGIDAE-Flannel Moths
MICROPTERIGIDAE-
MIMALLONIDAE-
MOMPHIDAE-Mompha Moths
NEPTICULIDAE-
NOCTUIDAE-Owlet Moths
NOLIDAE-
NOTODONTIDAE-
OECOPHORIDAE-
OPOSTEGIDAE-
PELEOPODIDAE-
PLUTELLIDAE-
PRODOXIDAE-
PSYCHIDAE-Bagworm Moths
PTEROPHORIDAE-
PYRALIDAE-
SATURNIIDAE-Saturniids
SCHRECKENSTEINIIDAE-
SESIIDAE-
SPHINGIDAE-Sphinx Moths
THYATIRIDAE-
THYRIDIDAE-
TINEIDAE-
TISCHERIIDAE-
TORTRICIDAE-
URANIIDAE-
URODIDAE-
XYLORYCTIDAE-
YPONOMEUTIDAE-
YPSOLOPHIDAE-
ZYGAENIDAE-
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Tortricidae Members:
Acleris albicomana
Acleris albinivia
Acleris bowmanana
Acleris celiana
Acleris cervinana
Acleris chalybeana
Acleris comandrana
Acleris curvalana
Acleris flavivittana
Acleris forbesana
Acleris hudsoniana
Acleris inana
Acleris maccana
Acleris macdunnoughi
Acleris maculidorsana
Acleris negundana
Acleris nigrolinea
Acleris nivisellana
Acleris placidana
Acleris ptychogrammos
Acleris pulverosana
Acleris robinsoniana
Acleris semipurpurana
Acleris subnivana
Acleris unidentified species
Acleris variana
Acleris viburnana
Adoxophyes furcatana
Adoxophyes negundana
Adoxophyes unidentified species
Aethes angulatana
Aethes angustana
Aethes argentilimitana
Aethes atomosana
Aethes baloghi
Aethes biscana
Aethes fernaldana
Aethes floccosana
Aethes heleniana
Aethes mymara
Aethes new species 1
Aethes new species 2
Aethes new species 3
Aethes new species 4
Aethes obliquana
Aethes patricia
Aethes promptana
Aethes razowskii
Aethes ringsi
Aethes rutilana
Aethes seriatana
Aethes sexdentata
Aethes terriae
Aethes triassumenta
Aethes unidentified species
Amorbia humerosana
Ancylis albacostana
Ancylis brauni
Ancylis burgessiana
Ancylis comptana of authors
Ancylis definitivana
Ancylis diminuatana
Ancylis discigerana
Ancylis divisana
Ancylis fuscociliana
Ancylis goodelliana
Ancylis laciniana
Ancylis metamelana
Ancylis muricana
Ancylis nubeculana
Ancylis platanana
Ancylis semiovana
Ancylis spiraeifoliana
Ancylis subaequana
Ancylis unidentified species
Anopina ednana
Apotomis deceptana
Apotomis removana
Archips argyrospila
Archips dissitana
Archips fervidana
Archips georgiana
Archips grisea
Archips infumatana
Archips magnoliana
Archips nigriplagana
Archips purpurana
Archips rileyana
Archips semiferanus
Archips unidentified species
Argyrotaenia alisellana
Argyrotaenia coloradana
Argyrotaenia floridana
Argyrotaenia hodgesi
Argyrotaenia ivana
Argyrotaenia juglandana
Argyrotaenia kimballi
Argyrotaenia mariana
Argyrotaenia occultana
Argyrotaenia pinatubana
Argyrotaenia quercifoliana
Argyrotaenia tabulana
Argyrotaenia unidentified species
Argyrotaenia velutinana
Aterpia approximana
Atroposia oenotherana
Bactra furfurana
Bactra unidentified species
Bactra verutana
Cagiva cephalanthana
Catastega aceriella
Catastega timidella
Catastega unidentified species
Celypha cespitana of authors
Celypha unidentified species
Cenopis cana
Cenopis chambersana
Cenopis croatanensis
Cenopis diluticostana
Cenopis directana
Cenopis eulongicosta
Cenopis ferreana
Cenopis lamberti
Cenopis niveana
Cenopis pettitana
Cenopis reticulatana
Cenopis saracana
Cenopis unicolorana
Cenopis unidentified species
Chimoptesis gerulae
Chimoptesis n-sp
Chimoptesis pennsylvaniana
Chimoptesis unidentified species
Choristoneura argentifasciata
Choristoneura conflictana
Choristoneura fractivittana
Choristoneura fumiferana
Choristoneura houstonana
Choristoneura obsoletana
Choristoneura parallela
Choristoneura pinus
Choristoneura rosaceana
Choristoneura unidentified species
Clepsis clemensiana
Clepsis listerana
Clepsis melaleucanus
Clepsis peritana
Clepsis persicana
Clepsis unidentified species
Clepsis virescana
Cochylichroa hoffmanana
Cochylichroa hospes
Cochylichroa temerana
Cochylichroa unidentified species
Cochylichroa viscana
Cochylini unidentified species
Cochylis bucera
Cochylis caulocatax
Cochylis unidentified species
Coelostathma discopunctana
Coelostathma placidana
Corticivora chica
Corticivora clarki
Corticivora parva
Corticivora unidentified species
Crocidosema plebejana
Crocidosema unica
Cryptaspasma bipenicilla
Cydia albimaculana
Cydia candana
Cydia caryana
Cydia erotella
Cydia ingens
Cydia lacustrina
Cydia laricana
Cydia latiferreana
Cydia marita
Cydia pomonella
Cydia rana
Cydia toreuta
Cydia unidentified species
Decodes basiplagana
Dichrorampha bittana
Dichrorampha broui
Dichrorampha incanana
Dichrorampha leopardana
Dichrorampha simulana
Ecdytolopha insiticiana
Ecdytolopha mana
Endothenia hebesana
Endothenia infuscata
Endothenia montanana
Endothenia new species
Endothenia nubilana
Epiblema abruptana
Epiblema adusta
Epiblema alba
Epiblema boxcana
Epiblema brightonana
Epiblema carolinana
Epiblema desertana
Epiblema discretivana
Epiblema dorsisuffusana
Epiblema exacerbatricana
Epiblema gibsoni
Epiblema glaseri
Epiblema glenni
Epiblema infelix
Epiblema insidiosana
Epiblema mandana
Epiblema minutana
Epiblema obfuscana
Epiblema obfuscana-desertana
Epiblema otiosana
Epiblema praesumptiosa
Epiblema scudderiana
Epiblema separationis
Epiblema strenuana
Epiblema strenuana_abruptana complex
Epiblema tripartitana
Epiblema unidentified species
Epinotia celtisana
Epinotia lindana
Epinotia medioviridana
Epinotia rectiplicana
Epinotia sotipena
Epinotia transmissana
Epinotia unidentified species
Epinotia vertumnana
Epinotia xandana
Episimus argutana
Episimus tyrius
Episimus unidentified species
Eucopina cocana
Eucopina monitorana
Eucopina tocullionana
Eucosma alabamae
Eucosma ambodaidaleia
Eucosma aquilana
Eucosma argutipunctana
Eucosma autumnana
Eucosma awemeana
Eucosma baggetti
Eucosma essexana
Eucosma floridana
Eucosma formosana
Eucosma giganteana
Eucosma gomonana
Eucosma grindeliana
Eucosma kiscana
Eucosma linitipunctana
Eucosma ochroterminana
Eucosma ornatula
Eucosma paragemellana
Eucosma paregoria
Eucosma parmatana
Eucosma radiatana
Eucosma raracana
Eucosma rusticana
Eucosma sombreana
Eucosma tomonana
Eucosma umbrastriana
Eucosma unidentified species
Eucosmomorpha nearctica
Eugnosta bimaculana
Eugnosta erigeronana
Eugnosta sartana
Eulia ministrana
Eumarozia malachitana
Grapholita delineana
Grapholita eclipsana
Grapholita fana
Grapholita interstinctana
Grapholita molesta
Grapholita packardi
Grapholita prunivora
Grapholita tristrigana
Grapholita unidentified species
Gretchena amatana
Gretchena bolliana
Gretchena concitatricana
Gretchena concubitana
Gretchena delicatana
Gretchena deludana
Gretchena nymphana
Gretchena unidentified species
Gretchena watchungana
Gymnandrosoma punctidiscanum
Gypsonoma fasciolana
Gypsonoma salicicolana
Gypsonoma unidentified species
Hedya chionosema
Hedya separatana
Hendecaneura shawiana
Henricus edwardsiana
Hulda impudens
Larisa subsolana
Lorita baccharivora
Lorita scarificata
Notocelia lobana
Notocelia rosaecolana
Olethreutes appalachiana
Olethreutes appendiceum
Olethreutes astrologana
Olethreutes auricapitana
Olethreutes baccatanum
Olethreutes brunneopurpurata
Olethreutes concinnana
Olethreutes connectum
Olethreutes coruscana
Olethreutes corylana
Olethreutes exoletum
Olethreutes fasciatana
Olethreutes ferriferana
Olethreutes ferrolineana
Olethreutes furfuranum
Olethreutes griseoalbana
Olethreutes hamameliana
Olethreutes hippocastanum
Olethreutes inornatana
Olethreutes lacunanum
Olethreutes malana
Olethreutes monetiferanum
Olethreutes new species near appendiceum (CP-2)
Olethreutes new species near permundana
Olethreutes nigranum
Olethreutes nitidana
Olethreutes ochrosuffusanum
Olethreutes osmundana
Olethreutes permundana
Olethreutes permundana complex
Olethreutes sciotana
Olethreutes sericoranum
Olethreutes tilianum
Olethreutes unidentified species
Olethreutes valdanum
Olethreutes viburnanum
Olethreutinae unidentified species
Orthotaenia undulana
Pammene felicitana
Pandemis lamprosana
Pandemis limitata
Pandemis unidentified species
Paralobesia crispans
Paralobesia cyclopiana
Paralobesia cypripediana
Paralobesia dividuana
Paralobesia liriodendrana
Paralobesia magnoliana
Paralobesia monotropana
Paralobesia new species 1
Paralobesia palliolana
Paralobesia parsaura
Paralobesia piperae
Paralobesia unidentified species
Paralobesia viteana
Paralobesia yaracana
Pelochrista adamantana
Pelochrista argentialbana
Pelochrista cataclystiana
Pelochrista comatulana
Pelochrista derelicta
Pelochrista dorsisignatana
Pelochrista fiskeana
Pelochrista fratruelis
Pelochrista fraudabilis
Pelochrista galenapunctana
Pelochrista graciliana
Pelochrista guttulana
Pelochrista kimballi
Pelochrista milleri
Pelochrista nandana
Pelochrista oraria
Pelochrista pallidipalpana
Pelochrista quinquemaculana
Pelochrista robinsonana
Pelochrista similiana
Pelochrista sullivani
Pelochrista unidentified species
Pelochrista vagana
Pelochrista wandana
Pelochrista zomonana
Phaecasiophora confixana
Phaecasiophora inspersa
Phaecasiophora niveiguttana
Phaecasiophora unidentified species
Phalonidia lepidana
Phalonidia unidentified species
Phiaris glaciana
Phtheochroa baracana
Phtheochroa birdana
Phtheochroa terminana
Phtheochroa unidentified species
Platphalonidia lavana
Platphalonidia magdalenae
Platphalonidia unidentified species
Platynota exasperatana
Platynota flavedana
Platynota idaeusalis
Platynota rostrana
Platynota semiustana
Platynota stultana
Platynota unidentified species
Pristerognatha agilana
Proteoteras aesculana
Proteoteras crescentana
Proteoteras moffatiana
Proteoteras naracana
Proteoteras obnigrana
Proteoteras unidentified species
Proteoteras willingana
Pseudexentera costomaculana
Pseudexentera cressoniana
Pseudexentera faracana
Pseudexentera haracana
Pseudexentera hodsoni
Pseudexentera kalmiana
Pseudexentera mali
Pseudexentera maracana
Pseudexentera sepia
Pseudexentera spoliana
Pseudexentera unidentified species
Pseudexentera vaccinii
Pseudexentera virginiana
Pseudogalleria inimicella
Retinia comstockiana
Retinia gemistrigulana
Retinia houseri
Retinia unidentified species
Retinia virginiana
Rhopobota dietziana
Rhopobota finitimana
Rhopobota naevana
Rhopobota unidentified species
Rhyacionia adana
Rhyacionia aktita
Rhyacionia busckana
Rhyacionia frustrana
Rhyacionia granti
Rhyacionia rigidana
Rhyacionia unidentified species
Rudenia leguminana
Satronia tantilla
Sereda tautana
Sonia canadana
Sonia divaricata
Sonia paraplesiana
Sonia unidentified species
Sparganothis bistriata
Sparganothis caryae
Sparganothis distincta
Sparganothis mcguinnessi
Sparganothis niteolinea
Sparganothis sulfureana
Sparganothis tristriata
Sparganothis unidentified species
Sparganothis xanthoides
Sparganothoides lentiginosana
Spilonota ocellana
Spinipogon resthavenensis
Strepsicrates smithiana
Suleima helianthana
Suleima unidentified species
Syllonoma longipalpana
Syndemis afflictana
Talponia plummeriana
Taniva albolineana
Thaumatographa jonesi
Thyraylia bunteana
Thyraylia hollandana
Thyraylia hollandana species complex
Thyraylia nana
Thyraylia unidentified species
Thyraylia voxcana
Thyraylia wiscana
Xenotemna pallorana
Zeiraphera claypoleana
Zomaria interruptolineana
Zomaria rosaochreana
Catastega
Members:
Catastega aceriella
Catastega timidella
Catastega unidentified species
24 NC Records
Catastega timidella
Clemens, 1861 - Oak Trumpet Skeletonizer Moth
view caption
A view of the upper leaf surface of a Northern Red Oak with a tentiform feeding shelter.
view caption
A view of the feeding case that is composed of frass. The protective silk sheet above was removed to reveal the fecal case.
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Tortricoidea
Family:
Tortricidae
Subfamily:
Olethreutinae
Tribe:
Eucosmini
P3 Number:
621267.00
MONA Number:
3333.00
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions:
Online Photographs:
MPG
,
BugGuide
,
iNaturalist
,
Google
,
BAMONA
,
GBIF
,
BOLD
Technical Description, Adults:
Forbes (1923)
Technical Description, Immature Stages:
MacKay (1962)
Adult Markings:
This species was originally described based on the larvae and larval cases, and a detailed description of the adults is lacking other than that of Forbes (1923). The adult are similar in overall size and coloration to certain
Gretchena
species, and are mostly reliably assigned to genus based on their distinctive genitalia (Brown, 1986; Gilligan et al., 2008). The forewing is weakly bicolored longitudinally, with the costal area brownish, and the whitish dorsal area lined with fuscous (Heinrich, 1923). The whitish coloration along the dorsal margin tends to weakly extend towards the dorsal margin to about one-third the wing length, then angle sharply inward to about the mid-wing, before again angling weakly towards the dorsal margin. It eventually becomes ill-defined in the apical third. The legs are banded and the costa is outwardly striate. A dark, pre-tornal triangular spot is present that often has two blackish spots at or just beyond its apex. Two or three small dark dots are also often present along the dorsal margin anterior to the pre-tornal triangular spot. The apical fringe has a dark line that is cut in places by whitish coloration (Brown, 1986; Forbes, 1923).
This species tends to have a more conspicuously bicolored forewing relative to both
Gretchena
spp. and
C. aceriella
, which is not bicolored and has a prominent sub-basal transverse band that extends from the middle of the wing to the inner margin at an oblique angle. Both of our
Catastega
species produce distinctive tubular frass cases on the undersides of leaves and have different hosts (oaks versus maples) that allow reliable identifications to species. Many of our locality records are based on larval records.
Wingspan:
17-19 mm (Heinrich, 1923)
Adult Structural Features:
The following is based on Brown's (1986) general description of the genitalia of
Catastega
. In males, the uncus is bifid and the socii broad, setose, and ventrally fused with the bases of the gnathos. The anellus does not closely surround the base of the aedeagus and is often cuplike. The valva has a saccular spine cluster, while the cucullus is poorly defined or delimited by a deep ventral invagination. In females, the lamella postvaginalis is reduced. The lamella antevaginalis is developed and forms a conelike sterigma around the ostium. The ductus bursae has a sclerotized band posterior to the inception of the ductus seminalis. There are two signa present. The male anellus and female sterigma are apomorphic for
Catastega
and helpful in distinguishing them from species that are similar in external maculation (e.g., certain
Gretchena
).
Brown (1986) noted that the male genitalia of
C. aceriella
and
C. timidella
are essentially indistinguishable, but that the female genitalia have some useful traits. Female
C. aceriella
have sternum VII without rugae, tergum VIII and the papillae anales narrower, and the sterigma more rounded than in
C. timidella
. Brown (1986) provides illustrations of the female genitalia of both species.
Adult ID Requirements:
Identifiable only by close inspection of structural features or by DNA analysis.
Immatures and Development:
The young larva spins a thin sheet of webbing on the underside of an expanding oak leaf to create a feeding chamber. The feeding chamber is often constructed along the midrib or along a major lateral vein, and the expanding leaf buckles with time to form a tent-like structure. As the larva feeds beneath the sheet, it constructs a distinctive funnel-like case for protection that is woven from fecal pellets and silk. The size of the protective fecal case is slowly expanded as the larva window-feeds on the leaf surface, and the chamber can be straight or broadly curved. The final instar eventually leaves the shelter and moves to the ground where it constructs a cocoon in the leaf litter. The adults emerge the following spring following the spring warm-up.
Larvae ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos, especially where associated with known host plants.
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution:
Catastega timidella
is found in eastern North America is association with oak forests. Populations have been from the New England states westward through southern Canada to Minnesota, then southward through the eastern US to as far south as southeastern Texas and Florida. As of 2022, we have scattered records from throughout the state, with most from the western mountains.
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Flight Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Immature Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Flight Comments:
Local populations appear to be univoltine. Adult records extend from March through August, with a peak in activity from April through June. As of 2022, our records are from early April through early August.
Habitats and Life History
Habitats:
Local populations are strongly dependent on oaks as hosts and are associated with hardwood or mixed hardwood-pine forests. They can also be found in residential areas where oaks are present.
Larval Host Plants:
Catastega timidella
uses oaks as hosts (Eiseman, 2019), including White Oak (
Quercus alba
), Burr Oak (
Q. macrocarpa
), and Northern Red Oak (
Q. rubra
). This species was found on a walnut (
Juglans
sp.) and a birch (
Betula
sp.) in Canada (Miller 1987), but these taxa are presumably almost never used as hosts. As of 2022, our records for North Carolina are from either Northern Red Oak or White Oak. -
View
Observation Methods:
The adults occasionally visit lights and the fecal tubes can be found beneath silk sheets on the undersides of leaves.
Acrobasis minimella
is another oak feeder that produces fecal tubes, but these are larger and much more sinuous that those of
C. timidella
.
Wikipedia
See also Habitat Account for
General Oak-Hickory Forests
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks:
GNR [S3S4]
State Protection:
Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.
Comments:
This species is far less frequently encountered in the state than is
C. aceriella
, but appears to be relatively secure due to its statewide distribution and use of oaks as hosts.
Photo Gallery for
Catastega timidella
- Oak Trumpet Skeletonizer Moth
Photos: 22
Recorded by: David George, Stephen Dunn, Jeff Niznik on 2023-04-19
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: David George, Stephen Dunn, Jeff Niznik on 2023-04-13
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2022-10-04
Transylvania Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2022-08-24
Macon Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2022-08-24
Macon Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and John Petranka on 2022-08-10
Watauga Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-06-23
Buncombe Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2022-06-23
Buncombe Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2021-10-20
Surry Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2021-08-26
Yancey Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2021-08-03
Watauga Co.
Comment: An occupied tentiform structure on Northern Red Oak.
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2021-08-03
Watauga Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka, Becky Elkin and Bo Sullivan on 2021-08-02
Ashe Co.
Comment: A tentiform mine on Northern Red Oak.
Recorded by: Jim Petranka, Becky Elkin and Bo Sullivan on 2021-08-02
Ashe Co.
Comment: An underside fecal tube that was exposed from beneath a silk covering.
Recorded by: Gary Maness on 2021-04-29
Guilford Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Gary Maness on 2021-04-29
Guilford Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2021-04-26
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2021-04-26
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: on 2020-09-15
Yancey Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: on 2020-09-15
Yancey Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2019-05-17
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2019-05-17
Madison Co.
Comment: