Moths of North Carolina
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Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACROLEPIIDAE-
ADELIDAE-
AMPHISBATIDAE-
AUTOSTICHIDAE-
BATRACHEDRIDAE-
BEDELLIIDAE-
BLASTOBASIDAE-
BOMBYCIDAE-
BUCCULATRICIDAE-
CARPOSINIDAE-
CHOREUTIDAE-
COLEOPHORIDAE-
COSMOPTERIGIDAE-
COSSIDAE-
CRAMBIDAE-
DEPRESSARIIDAE-
DREPANIDAE-
ELACHISTIDAE-
EPERMENIIDAE-
EPIPYROPIDAE-
EREBIDAE-Erebid Moths
ERIOCRANIIDAE-
EUTELIIDAE-
GALACTICIDAE-
GELECHIIDAE-
GEOMETRIDAE-
GLYPHIDOCERIDAE-
GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE-
GRACILLARIIDAE-
HELIOZELIDAE-
HEPIALIDAE-
HYBLAEIDAE-
INCURVARIIDAE-
LASIOCAMPIDAE-
LECITHOCERIDAE-Long-horned Moths
LIMACODIDAE-
LYONETIIDAE-
MEGALOPYGIDAE-Flannel Moths
MICROPTERIGIDAE-
MIMALLONIDAE-
MOMPHIDAE-Mompha Moths
NEPTICULIDAE-
NOCTUIDAE-Owlet Moths
NOLIDAE-
NOTODONTIDAE-
OECOPHORIDAE-
OPOSTEGIDAE-
PELEOPODIDAE-
PLUTELLIDAE-
PRODOXIDAE-
PSYCHIDAE-Bagworm Moths
PTEROPHORIDAE-
PYRALIDAE-
SATURNIIDAE-Saturniids
SCHRECKENSTEINIIDAE-
SESIIDAE-
SPHINGIDAE-Sphinx Moths
THYATIRIDAE-
THYRIDIDAE-
TINEIDAE-
TISCHERIIDAE-
TORTRICIDAE-
URANIIDAE-
URODIDAE-
XYLORYCTIDAE-
YPONOMEUTIDAE-
YPSOLOPHIDAE-
ZYGAENIDAE-
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Gracillariidae Members:
Acrocercops albinatella
Acrocercops astericola
Acrocercops unidentified species
Anarsioses aberrans
Aristaea pennsylvaniella
Caloptilia alnivorella
Caloptilia azaleella
Caloptilia belfragella
Caloptilia bimaculatella
Caloptilia blandella
Caloptilia cornusella
Caloptilia coroniella
Caloptilia flavella
Caloptilia glutinella
Caloptilia hypericella
Caloptilia invariabilis
Caloptilia juglandiella
Caloptilia negundella
Caloptilia ostryaeella
Caloptilia packardella
Caloptilia paradoxum
Caloptilia porphyretica
Caloptilia rhoifoliella
Caloptilia sassafrasella
Caloptilia serotinella
Caloptilia stigmatella
Caloptilia superbifrontella
Caloptilia triadicae
Caloptilia umbratella
Caloptilia unidentified species
Caloptilia violacella
Cameraria aceriella
Cameraria aesculisella
Cameraria arcuella
Cameraria bethunella
Cameraria betulivora
Cameraria caryaefoliella
Cameraria castaneaeella
Cameraria cincinnatiella
Cameraria conglomeratella
Cameraria corylisella
Cameraria fletcherella
Cameraria guttifinitella
Cameraria hamadryadella
Cameraria hamameliella
Cameraria lentella
Cameraria macrocarpella
Cameraria obstrictella
Cameraria ostryarella
Cameraria picturatella
Cameraria quercivorella
Cameraria saccharella
Cameraria tubiferella
Cameraria ulmella
Cameraria unidentified species
Chrysaster ostensackenella
Cremastobombycia ignota
Cremastobombycia solidaginis
Cremastobombycia unidentified species
Cryptolectica strigosa
Leucanthiza amphicarpeaefoliella
Leucospilapteryx unidentified species
Leucospilapteryx venustella
Macrosaccus morrisella
Macrosaccus robiniella
Macrosaccus uhlerella
Marmara apocynella
Marmara fasciella
Marmara fraxinicola
Marmara serotinella
Marmara smilacisella
Marmara unidentified species
Marmara viburnella
Micrurapteryx salicifoliella
Neurobathra strigifinitella
Neurobathra unidentified species
New genus and species near Neurobathra
Parectopa lespedezaefoliella
Parectopa plantaginisella
Parectopa robiniella
Parectopa unidentified species
Parornix geminatella
Parornix obliterella
Parornix preciosella
Parornix unidentified species
Parornix vicinella
Phyllocnistis ampelopsiella
Phyllocnistis hyperpersea
Phyllocnistis insignis
Phyllocnistis liquidambarisella
Phyllocnistis liriodendronella
Phyllocnistis New Species one
Phyllocnistis subpersea
Phyllocnistis unidentified species
Phyllocnistis vitegenella
Phyllocnistis vitifoliella
Phyllonorycter aeriferella
Phyllonorycter albanotella
Phyllonorycter argentifimbriella
Phyllonorycter argentinotella
Phyllonorycter auronitens
Phyllonorycter basistrigella
Phyllonorycter caryaealbella
Phyllonorycter celtifoliella
Phyllonorycter celtisella
Phyllonorycter crataegella
Phyllonorycter diversella
Phyllonorycter fitchella
Phyllonorycter intermixta
Phyllonorycter lucetiella
Phyllonorycter lucidicostella
Phyllonorycter maestingella
Phyllonorycter mariaeella
Phyllonorycter martiella
Phyllonorycter New Species one
Phyllonorycter obscuricostella
Phyllonorycter occitanica
Phyllonorycter ostryaefoliella
Phyllonorycter propinquinella
Phyllonorycter quercialbella
Phyllonorycter rhododendrella
Phyllonorycter salicifoliella
Phyllonorycter scudderella
Phyllonorycter tiliacella
Phyllonorycter trinotella
Phyllonorycter unidentified species
Phyllonorycter viburnella
Porphyrosela desmodiella
Porphyrosela minuta
Porphyrosela unidentified species
Povolnya quercinigrella
Telamoptilia hibiscivora
Caloptilia
Members:
Caloptilia alnivorella
Caloptilia azaleella
Caloptilia belfragella
Caloptilia bimaculatella
Caloptilia blandella
Caloptilia cornusella
Caloptilia coroniella
Caloptilia flavella
Caloptilia glutinella
Caloptilia hypericella
Caloptilia invariabilis
Caloptilia juglandiella
Caloptilia negundella
Caloptilia ostryaeella
Caloptilia packardella
Caloptilia paradoxum
Caloptilia porphyretica
Caloptilia rhoifoliella
Caloptilia sassafrasella
Caloptilia serotinella
Caloptilia stigmatella
Caloptilia superbifrontella
Caloptilia triadicae
Caloptilia umbratella
Caloptilia unidentified species
Caloptilia violacella
21 NC Records
Caloptilia stigmatella
(Fabricius, 1781) - No Common Name
view caption
A leaf mine on Black Willow.
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Gracillarioidea
Family:
Gracillariidae
Subfamily:
Gracillariinae
Tribe:
[Gracillariini]
P3 Number:
330161.00
MONA Number:
639.00
Comments:
Caloptilia
is a large genus with nearly 300 described species; 64 species have been described in North America north of Mexico. The larvae begin as leaf-mining sap-feeders, but the latter instars usually exit the mines and feed within a conical roll that begins at the leaf apex or at the tip of a leaf lobe.
Species Status:
Caloptilia stigmatella
is widely distributed in the Holarctic Region, including most of Europe, and eastern and western North America. DNA analyses (BOLD) indicate that there are several major evolutionary lineages that may eventually be recognized as separate species. Populations in North America are genetically distinct from those in Europe.
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions:
Beadle and Leckie (2012)
Online Photographs:
MPG
,
BugGuide
,
GBIF
,
BOLD
Technical Description, Adults:
Chambers, 1872.
Technical Description, Immature Stages:
Eiseman, 2019.
Adult Markings:
The antennae, palps, upper head, thorax, and forewings have a rich, dark brown ground color. Each forewing has a light yellow to yellowish white, triangular costal patch that is usually hooked backwards near the tip. A series of fine dark brown spots are normally present along the costa. The femur and tibia of the front and middle leg are dark brown, while the tarsi are whitish, with darker marks at the tarsal joints. The rear legs are pale, with varying amounts of brown dusting and blotching. This species is variable and was previously treated as two separate species,
C. purpuriella
and
C. stigmatella
(Forbes, 1923). Forms that conform to
C. purpuriella
are grayish brown with a purple iridescence. The triangle is relatively narrow and is concave on both sides.
C. stigmatella
(sensu stricto) is similar, but has a paler reddish ground color. In addition, the triangle is larger, is not as hooked near the fold, is less concave on the sides, and has less conspicuous dark spotting. Forbes (1923) recognized these as separate species, but most treat them as being conspecific. We have both forms in North Carolina and they tend to sort out seasonally, with 'purpuriella' types flying from October through March, and 'stigmatella' types flying from May through September. It is uncertain whether these reflect seasonal forms of the same species, or two distinct species. Here we treat these as a single species.
Wingspan:
12–14 mm.
Adult ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos of unworn specimens.
Immatures and Development:
The larvae initially mine the epidermis on the underside of the leaf and create fairly long tracks that often follow the midrib. The mine track eventually turns towards the leaf margin and expands into a tentiform blotch that is < 1 cm across. The larvae eventually leave the tentiform blotches and create feeding shelters. The shelter may consists of either a simple leaf fold when feeding on poplars, or a leaf roll when feeding on willows with narrower leaves. The folds and leaf rolls can be made on either surface of the leaf. The final instar produces a shiny cocoon on the underside of the leaf (Eiseman, 2019).
Larvae ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos, especially where associated with known host plants.
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution:
Caloptilia stigmatella
is widely distributed in the Holarctic Region, including most of Europe, and eastern and western North America. In eastern North America, it occurs throughout much of southeastern Canada and the eastern US, with populations becoming more scattered towards the southern areas of the range. This species appears to occur statewide in North Carolina.
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Flight Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Flight Comments:
Our records extend from late May through October, with a peak in activity during the summer months.
Habitats and Life History
Habitats:
Populations are general found in settings that support either poplars or willows. These include alluvial floodplains, the sunny margins of bogs, ponds, lakes, and swamps, and wet thickets, ditches, and other hydric habitats.
Larval Host Plants:
The larvae feed on species of poplar (
Populus
spp.) and willows (
Salix
spp.), including our native Eastern Cottonwood (
P. deltoides
) and Black Willow (
Salix nigra
), along with introduced species such as White Poplar (
P. alba
). Swamp Cottonwood (
P. heterophylla
) is a likely candidate, but the use of this species as a host has not been verified to date. -
View
Observation Methods:
This species is attracted to lights and local populations can be documented by raising adults from leaf folds and rolls.
Wikipedia
See also Habitat Account for
Shoreline Shrublands
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks:
GNR S3S4
State Protection:
Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.
Comments:
Photo Gallery for
Caloptilia stigmatella
- No common name
Photos: 21
Recorded by: David George on 2023-10-16
Durham Co.
Comment: A leaf mine on Black Willow.
Recorded by: David George, Jeff Niznik on 2023-09-04
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: David George, Jeff Niznik on 2023-09-04
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: David George, Jeff Niznik on 2023-09-04
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Tracy S. Feldman on 2022-06-27
Durham Co.
Comment: A curled leaf tip on Black Willow.
Recorded by: Tracy S. Feldman on 2022-06-27
Durham Co.
Comment: A curled leaf tip on Black Willow.
Recorded by: Darryl Willis on 2022-05-22
Cabarrus Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Dean Furbish and Joy Wiggins on 2022-03-22
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2021-03-23
Madison Co.
Comment: The 'purpuriella' form with purple iridescence and a small, inwardly concave triangular mark.
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2020-03-28
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Shields on 2020-01-19
Onslow Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Vin Stanton on 2019-08-29
Buncombe Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Shields on 2019-06-06
Onslow Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2018-09-05
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: B. Bockhahn, P. Scharf on 2016-06-28
Yancey Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Britta Muiznieks on 2014-05-23
Dare Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Paul Scharf on 2013-08-29
Warren Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Harry Wilson on 2013-08-12
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Tom Sanders on 2012-06-21
Mecklenburg Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Harry Wilson on 2012-05-07
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Harry Wilson on 2011-06-30
Wake Co.
Comment: