Moths of North Carolina
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Significant Contributors
Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACROLEPIIDAE-
ADELIDAE-
AMPHISBATIDAE-
AUTOSTICHIDAE-
BATRACHEDRIDAE-
BEDELLIIDAE-
BLASTOBASIDAE-
BOMBYCIDAE-
BUCCULATRICIDAE-
CARPOSINIDAE-
CHOREUTIDAE-
COLEOPHORIDAE-
COSMOPTERIGIDAE-
COSSIDAE-
CRAMBIDAE-
DEPRESSARIIDAE-
DREPANIDAE-
ELACHISTIDAE-
EPERMENIIDAE-
EPIPYROPIDAE-
EREBIDAE-Erebid Moths
ERIOCRANIIDAE-
EUTELIIDAE-
GALACTICIDAE-
GELECHIIDAE-
GEOMETRIDAE-
GLYPHIDOCERIDAE-
GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE-
GRACILLARIIDAE-
HELIOZELIDAE-
HEPIALIDAE-
HYBLAEIDAE-
INCURVARIIDAE-
LASIOCAMPIDAE-
LECITHOCERIDAE-Long-horned Moths
LIMACODIDAE-
LYONETIIDAE-
MEGALOPYGIDAE-Flannel Moths
MICROPTERIGIDAE-
MIMALLONIDAE-
MOMPHIDAE-Mompha Moths
NEPTICULIDAE-
NOCTUIDAE-Owlet Moths
NOLIDAE-
NOTODONTIDAE-
OECOPHORIDAE-
OPOSTEGIDAE-
PELEOPODIDAE-
PLUTELLIDAE-
PRODOXIDAE-
PSYCHIDAE-Bagworm Moths
PTEROPHORIDAE-
PYRALIDAE-
SATURNIIDAE-Saturniids
SCHRECKENSTEINIIDAE-
SESIIDAE-
SPHINGIDAE-Sphinx Moths
THYATIRIDAE-
THYRIDIDAE-
TINEIDAE-
TISCHERIIDAE-
TORTRICIDAE-
URANIIDAE-
URODIDAE-
XYLORYCTIDAE-
YPONOMEUTIDAE-
YPSOLOPHIDAE-
ZYGAENIDAE-
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Gracillariidae Members:
Acrocercops albinatella
Acrocercops astericola
Acrocercops unidentified species
Anarsioses aberrans
Aristaea pennsylvaniella
Caloptilia alnivorella
Caloptilia azaleella
Caloptilia belfragella
Caloptilia bimaculatella
Caloptilia blandella
Caloptilia cornusella
Caloptilia coroniella
Caloptilia flavella
Caloptilia glutinella
Caloptilia hypericella
Caloptilia invariabilis
Caloptilia juglandiella
Caloptilia negundella
Caloptilia ostryaeella
Caloptilia packardella
Caloptilia paradoxum
Caloptilia porphyretica
Caloptilia rhoifoliella
Caloptilia sassafrasella
Caloptilia serotinella
Caloptilia stigmatella
Caloptilia superbifrontella
Caloptilia triadicae
Caloptilia umbratella
Caloptilia unidentified species
Caloptilia violacella
Cameraria aceriella
Cameraria aesculisella
Cameraria arcuella
Cameraria bethunella
Cameraria betulivora
Cameraria caryaefoliella
Cameraria castaneaeella
Cameraria cincinnatiella
Cameraria conglomeratella
Cameraria corylisella
Cameraria fletcherella
Cameraria guttifinitella
Cameraria hamadryadella
Cameraria hamameliella
Cameraria lentella
Cameraria macrocarpella
Cameraria obstrictella
Cameraria ostryarella
Cameraria picturatella
Cameraria quercivorella
Cameraria saccharella
Cameraria tubiferella
Cameraria ulmella
Cameraria unidentified species
Chrysaster ostensackenella
Cremastobombycia ignota
Cremastobombycia solidaginis
Cremastobombycia unidentified species
Cryptolectica strigosa
Leucanthiza amphicarpeaefoliella
Leucospilapteryx unidentified species
Leucospilapteryx venustella
Macrosaccus morrisella
Macrosaccus robiniella
Macrosaccus uhlerella
Marmara apocynella
Marmara fasciella
Marmara fraxinicola
Marmara serotinella
Marmara smilacisella
Marmara unidentified species
Marmara viburnella
Micrurapteryx salicifoliella
Neurobathra strigifinitella
Neurobathra unidentified species
New genus and species near Neurobathra
Parectopa lespedezaefoliella
Parectopa plantaginisella
Parectopa robiniella
Parectopa unidentified species
Parornix geminatella
Parornix obliterella
Parornix preciosella
Parornix unidentified species
Parornix vicinella
Phyllocnistis ampelopsiella
Phyllocnistis hyperpersea
Phyllocnistis insignis
Phyllocnistis liquidambarisella
Phyllocnistis liriodendronella
Phyllocnistis New Species one
Phyllocnistis subpersea
Phyllocnistis unidentified species
Phyllocnistis vitegenella
Phyllocnistis vitifoliella
Phyllonorycter aeriferella
Phyllonorycter albanotella
Phyllonorycter argentifimbriella
Phyllonorycter argentinotella
Phyllonorycter auronitens
Phyllonorycter basistrigella
Phyllonorycter caryaealbella
Phyllonorycter celtifoliella
Phyllonorycter celtisella
Phyllonorycter crataegella
Phyllonorycter diversella
Phyllonorycter fitchella
Phyllonorycter intermixta
Phyllonorycter lucetiella
Phyllonorycter lucidicostella
Phyllonorycter maestingella
Phyllonorycter mariaeella
Phyllonorycter martiella
Phyllonorycter New Species one
Phyllonorycter obscuricostella
Phyllonorycter occitanica
Phyllonorycter ostryaefoliella
Phyllonorycter propinquinella
Phyllonorycter quercialbella
Phyllonorycter rhododendrella
Phyllonorycter salicifoliella
Phyllonorycter scudderella
Phyllonorycter tiliacella
Phyllonorycter trinotella
Phyllonorycter unidentified species
Phyllonorycter viburnella
Porphyrosela desmodiella
Porphyrosela minuta
Porphyrosela unidentified species
Povolnya quercinigrella
Telamoptilia hibiscivora
Marmara
Members:
Marmara apocynella
Marmara fasciella
Marmara fraxinicola
Marmara serotinella
Marmara smilacisella
Marmara unidentified species
Marmara viburnella
5 NC Records
Marmara serotinella
Busck, 1915 - No Common Name
view caption
This species makes elongated mines just under the epidermis of the branches and trunks of Black Cherry (Prunus serotina). Note the sinuous mine near the center of the photograph.
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Gracillarioidea
Family:
Gracillariidae
Subfamily:
Marmarinae
P3 Number:
330247.00
MONA Number:
717.00
Comments:
The genus
Marmara
contains about 20 described species from North America and numerous undescribed species. Most species are monophagous, and the mines have been found on over 80 North American plant genera in 40 families (Eiseman et al., 2017). This suggests that there are dozens of undescribed species in the US.
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions:
Online Photographs:
MPG
,
BugGuide
,
iNaturalist
,
Google
,
BAMONA
,
GBIF
,
BOLD
Technical Description, Adults:
Busck, 1915.
Technical Description, Immature Stages:
Eiseman, 2019
Adult Markings:
The following is based on the description by Busck (1915). The labial palp is silvery white, and the second joint has a blackish brown apical annulation. The maxillary palp is dark fuscous. The face and front parts of the head are silvery white, and the top of the head dark brown. The antenna is white with blackish brown annulations, and the thorax is blackish brown. The forewing has a blackish brown ground color with silvery white markings. There is a broad, triangular, white fascia at the basal third that is broadest on the dorsal edge and attenuated on the costal edge. A second oblique white fascia occurs beyond the middle of the wing that is thinner on the middle and sometimes completely interrupted to form paired dorsal and costal streaks. At the apical fourth there is a small white costal spot and an opposing dorsal spot. Beyond this is a small white dash or a few white dots in the costal cilia. The cilia are dark fuscous. The hindwing is dark brownish fuscous, and the legs are silvery white with dark brown bands and blotches concentrated on the upper regions. This species is similar to
M. salictella
, but on
M. serotinella
the white fascia at the basal third is conspicuously much broader on the dorsal edge compared to the costal edge.
Wingspan:
6 mm (Busck, 1915).
Adult ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos of unworn specimens.
Immatures and Development:
The larvae mine the stems and branches of wild cherries and make long, somewhat winding mines just under the epidermis. The track is usually a different color than the color of the surrounding bark and rather conspicuous. The larvae have a flattened, serrated shape that is typical of
Marmara
species. Very little is known about the larval life history. This species may follow a pattern that resembles that of other
Marmara
stem miners where the larva mines during the active growing season, overwinters, then resumes mining in the spring before pupating. However, this has not been verified.
Larvae ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos, especially where associated with known host plants.
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution:
Marmara serotinella
is found in eastern North America where scattered populations have been found in Ontario, Michigan, Ohio and the northeastern states southward to Virginia and North Carolina. As of 2022, our records are from the western Coastal Plain, eastern Piedmont, and a lower elevation site in the Blue Ridge.
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Flight Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Immature Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Flight Comments:
The very limited data on adults indicate that local populations are univoltine, with the adults active in July and August.
Habitats and Life History
Habitats:
This species is dependent on Black Cherry for reproduction. Black Cherry is common in hardwood and mixed-hardwood forests in the mountains and elsewhere. The seeds are dispersed by birds, and plants often become established in disturbed habitats such as fencerows, abandoned fields, forest edges and urban landscapes.
Larval Host Plants:
Black Cherry (
Prunus serotina
) is the primary and perhaps exclusive host (Robinson et al., 2010). Eiseman (2019) found a mine on Fire Cherry (
P. pensylvanica
) that closely resembled that of
M. serotinella
, suggesting that this species is also a host. As of 2022, our records for North Carolina are all from Black Cherry. -
View
Observation Methods:
The adults appear to very rarely visit lights and most records are based on stem mines. We encourage naturalists to search for the stem mines on Black Cherry.
Wikipedia
See also Habitat Account for
General Rosaceous Thickets
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks:
GNR S2S3
State Protection:
Comments:
As of 2020 we have only two state records, which likely reflects the fact that little effort has been put forth to document stem miners in North Carolina. We need additional data before the conservation status of this species can be accurately assessed.
Photo Gallery for
Marmara serotinella
- No common name
Photos: 6
Recorded by: Stephen Dunn on 2024-04-02
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka and Becky Elkin on 2022-06-14
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Dean Furbish on 2020-12-29
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Tracy S. Feldman on 2017-01-10
Scotland Co.
Comment: This species makes elongated mines just under the epidermis of the branches and trunks of Black Cherry (Prunus serotina).
Recorded by: Tracy S. Feldman on 2017-01-10
Scotland Co.
Comment: This species makes elongated mines just under the epidermis of the branches and trunks of Prunus serotina. Note the mine near the center of the photograph.
Recorded by: Tracy S. Feldman on 2017-01-10
Scotland Co.
Comment: This species makes elongated mines just under the epidermis of the branches and trunks of Black Cherry (Prunus serotina).