Moths of North Carolina
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Significant Contributors
Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACROLEPIIDAE-
ADELIDAE-Fairy moths
AMPHISBATIDAE-
AUTOSTICHIDAE-
BATRACHEDRIDAE-Batrachedrid Moths
BEDELLIIDAE-Bedelliid Moths
BLASTOBASIDAE-
BOMBYCIDAE-
BUCCULATRICIDAE-
CARPOSINIDAE-
CHOREUTIDAE-Metalmark Moths
COLEOPHORIDAE-Casebearer Moths and Relatives
COSMOPTERIGIDAE-Cosmopterigid Moths
COSSIDAE-Carpenter Moths, Goat Moths
CRAMBIDAE-Grass Moths, Snout Moths
DEPRESSARIIDAE-
DREPANIDAE-Hook-tips and Thyatirid Moths
ELACHISTIDAE-Grassminer Moths and Relatives
EPERMENIIDAE-
EPIPYROPIDAE-
EREBIDAE-Erebid Moths
ERIOCRANIIDAE-
EUTELIIDAE-
GALACTICIDAE-
GELECHIIDAE-Gelechiid Moths; Twirler Moths
GEOMETRIDAE-Geometer Moths, Loopers
GLYPHIDOCERIDAE-
GLYPHIPTERIGIDAE-Sedge Moths
GRACILLARIIDAE-Leafblotch miner moths
HELIOZELIDAE-Shield bearer moths
HEPIALIDAE-Ghost or Swift Moths
HYBLAEIDAE-
INCURVARIIDAE-
LASIOCAMPIDAE-Tent Caterpillar Moths, Lappet Moths
LECITHOCERIDAE-Long-horned Moths
LIMACODIDAE-Slug Caterpillar Moths
LYONETIIDAE-Lyonetiid Moths
MEGALOPYGIDAE-Flannel Moths
MICROPTERIGIDAE-Mandibulate Moths
MIMALLONIDAE-
MOMPHIDAE-Mompha Moths
NEPTICULIDAE-Minute leaf miners
NOCTUIDAE-Owlet Moths
NOLIDAE-
NOTODONTIDAE-Prominents
OECOPHORIDAE-Oecophorid Moths
OPOSTEGIDAE-
PELEOPODIDAE-
PLUTELLIDAE-Diamondback Moths
PRODOXIDAE-Yucca Moths
PSYCHIDAE-Bagworm Moths
PTEROPHORIDAE-Plume Moths
PYRALIDAE-Pyralid Moths, Snout Moths
SATURNIIDAE-Giant Silkworm Moths
SCHRECKENSTEINIIDAE-Schreckensteiniid Moths
SESIIDAE-Clearwing Moths
SPHINGIDAE-Sphinx Moths
THYATIRIDAE-
THYRIDIDAE-Window-winged Moths
TINEIDAE-Clothes moths
TISCHERIIDAE-Tischerid Moths
TORTRICIDAE-Leafroller Moths
URANIIDAE-
URODIDAE-Urodid Moths
XYLORYCTIDAE-
YPONOMEUTIDAE-Ermine Moths
YPSOLOPHIDAE-Ypsolophid Moths
ZYGAENIDAE-
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Crambidae Members:
Achyra rantalis
Aethiophysa consimilis
Aethiophysa invisalis
Aethiophysa unidentified species
Agriphila ruricolellus
Agriphila vulgivagellus
Anageshna primordialis
Anania coronata complex
Anania extricalis
Anania funebris
Anania leuschneri
Anania mysippusalis
Anania plectilis
Anania tennesseensis
Anania tertialis
Anania unidentified species
Apogeshna stenialis
Arequipa turbatella
Argyria gonogramma
Argyria lacteella
Argyria nummulalis
Argyria rufisignella
Ategumia ebulealis
Blepharomastix ranalis
Carectocultus dominicki
Carectocultus perstrialis
Catoptria latiradiellus
Chalcoela iphitalis
Chalcoela pegasalis
Chilo demotella
Chilo plejadellus
Choristostigma roseopennalis
Chrysendeton imitabilis
Chrysendeton medicinalis
Chrysoteuchia topiarius
Chrysoteuchia unidentified species
Colomychus talis
Conchylodes ovulalis
Condylorrhiza vestigialis
Crambini unidentified species
Crambus agitatellus
Crambus ainslieellus
Crambus albellus
Crambus braunellus
Crambus girardellus
Crambus laqueatellus
Crambus leachellus
Crambus multilinellus
Crambus pascuella
Crambus praefectellus
Crambus quinquareatus
Crambus saltuellus
Crambus sanfordellus
Crambus satrapellus
Crambus unidentified species
Crambus youngellus
Crocidophora pustuliferalis
Crocidophora serratissimalis
Crocidophora tuberculalis
Daulia magdalena
Desmia funeralis
Desmia maculalis
Desmia subdivisalis
Desmia unidentified species
Diacme adipaloides
Diacme elealis
Diacme unidentified species
Diaphania costata
Diaphania hyalinata
Diaphania nitidalis
Diasemiodes janassialis
Diasemiodes nigralis
Diasemiopsis leodocusalis
Diastictis argyralis
Diastictis baccatalis
Diastictis pseudargyralis
Diastictis unidentified species
Diastictis ventralis
Diathrausta harlequinalis
Diathrausta reconditalis
Diatraea crambidoides
Diatraea evanescens
Diatraea lisetta
Diatraea unidentified species
Dicymolomia julianalis
Donacaula aquilellus
Donacaula dispersellus
Donacaula longirostrallus
Donacaula maximellus
Donacaula melinellus
Donacaula nitidellus
Donacaula roscidellus
Donacaula sordidellus
Donacaula tripunctellus
Donacaula unidentified species
Donacaula unipunctellus
Duponchelia fovealis
Ecpyrrhorrhoe puralis
Elophila atlantica
Elophila faulalis
Elophila gyralis
Elophila icciusalis
Elophila nebulosalis
Elophila obliteralis
Elophila tinealis
Eoparargyractis irroratalis
Eoparargyractis plevie
Eoparargyractis unidentified species
Eoreuma densellus
Epina dichromella
Epipagis fenestralis
Euchromius ocellea
Eudonia alpina
Eudonia heterosalis
Eudonia strigalis
Eudonia unidentified species
Eulepte anticostalis
Eustixia pupula
Evergestis pallidata
Evergestis rimosalis
Evergestis unimacula
Fissicrambus mutabilis
Fissicrambus profanellus
Fissicrambus unidentified species
Framinghamia helvalis
Fumibotys fumalis
Geshna cannalis
Glaphyria basiflavalis
Glaphyria cappsi
Glaphyria fulminalis
Glaphyria glaphyralis
Glaphyria peremptalis
Glaphyria sesquistrialis
Glyphodes pyloalis
Glyphodes sibillalis
Hahncappsia mancalis
Hahncappsia marculenta
Hahncappsia neobliteralis
Hahncappsia neomarculenta
Hahncappsia unidentified species
Haimbachia albescens
Haimbachia placidellus
Haimbachia squamulellus
Hellula phidilealis
Hellula rogatalis
Helvibotys helvialis
Helvibotys pucilla
Herpetogramma aeglealis
Herpetogramma bipunctalis
Herpetogramma centrostrigalis
Herpetogramma fluctuosalis
Herpetogramma pertextalis
Herpetogramma phaeopteralis
Herpetogramma sphingealis
Herpetogramma theseusalis
Herpetogramma thestealis
Herpetogramma unidentified species
Hymenia perspectalis
Leptosteges flavifascialis
Leptosteges vestaliella
Lineodes fontella
Lipocosma adelalis
Lipocosma septa
Lipocosma sicalis
Lipocosma unidentified species
Lipocosmodes fuliginosalis
Loxostege cereralis
Loxostege commixtalis
Loxostegopsis merrickalis
Lygropia rivulalis
Lygropia tripunctata
Marasmia cochrusalis
Marasmia trapezalis
Mesolia incertellus
Microcrambus biguttellus
Microcrambus elegans
Microcrambus kimballi
Microcrambus minor
Microcrambus new species
Microcrambus unidentified species
Microtheoris ophionalis
Mimoschinia rufofascialis
Nacoleia charesalis
Nascia acutellus
Neargyractis slossonalis
Neocataclysta magnificalis
Neodactria caliginosellus
Neodactria luteolellus
Neodactria new species
Neodactria unidentified species
Neodactria zeellus
Neohelvibotys neohelvialis
Neohelvibotys polingi
Neohelvibotys unidentified species
Nephrogramma reniculalis
Nomophila nearctica
Oenobotys vinotinctalis
Ostrinia multispinosa
Ostrinia nubilalis
Ostrinia obumbratalis
Ostrinia penitalis
Ostrinia unidentified species
Palpita aenescentalis
Palpita arsaltealis
Palpita freemanalis
Palpita illibalis
Palpita magniferalis
Palpita maritima
Palpita quadristigmalis
Palpita unidentified species
Pantographa limata
Parapediasia decorellus
Parapediasia teterrellus
Parapoynx allionealis
Parapoynx diminutalis
Parapoynx maculalis
Parapoynx obscuralis
Parapoynx seminealis
Patania silicalis
Pediasia trisecta
Perispasta caeculalis
Petrophila canadensis
Petrophila unidentified species
Phaedropsis stictigramma
Pilocrocis ramentalis
Polygrammodes flavidalis
Polygrammodes oxydalis
Prionapteryx achatina
Prionapteryx nebulifera
Prionapteryx serpentella
Psara obscuralis
Pyrausta acrionalis
Pyrausta bicoloralis
Pyrausta demantrialis
Pyrausta fodinalis
Pyrausta generosa
Pyrausta homonymalis
Pyrausta inornatalis
Pyrausta inveterascalis
Pyrausta laticlavia
Pyrausta niveicilialis
Pyrausta orphisalis
Pyrausta phoenicealis
Pyrausta rubricalis
Pyrausta signatalis
Pyrausta subsequalis
Pyrausta tyralis
Pyraustinae unidentified species
Raphiptera argillaceellus
Rhectocraspeda periusalis
Rupela segrega
Rupela tinctella
Samea castellalis
Samea multiplicalis
Samea unidentified species
Saucrobotys futilalis
Scoparia basalis
Scoparia biplagialis
Scoparia cinereomedia
Scoparia dominicki
Scoparia penumbralis
Scoparia unidentified species
Sericoplaga externalis
Sitochroa palealis
Spoladea recurvalis
Syngamia florella
Terastia meticulosalis
Thaumatopsis edonis
Thaumatopsis floridella
Thaumatopsis solutellus
Thopeutis forbesellus
Udea rubigalis
Undulambia striatalis
Uresiphita reversalis
Urola nivalis
Vaxi auratellus
Vaxi critica
Xanthophysa psychicalis
Xubida linearella
Xubida panalope
Xubida unidentified species
Spoladea
Members:
Spoladea recurvalis
112 NC Records
Spoladea recurvalis
(Fabricius, 1794) - Hawaiian Beet Webworm Moth
Taxonomy
Superfamily:
Pyraloidea
Family:
Crambidae
Subfamily:
Pyraustinae
Tribe:
Spilomelini
P3 Number:
80a1037
MONA Number:
5170.00
Other Common Names:
Beet Webworm Moth, Banded Sable
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions:
Covell (1984); Beadle and Leckie (2012)
Online Resources:
MPG
,
BugGuide
,
iNaturalist
,
Google
,
BAMONA
,
GBIF
,
BOLD
Adult Markings:
In this species the head, thorax, abdomen and forewing ground color are brown. The abdomen has a white band on each segment of variable width, with the one on the first segment broader and more pronounced than the others. The ground color of the forewing is overlain with whitish marks that include a thin, straight antemedial line that is often duller than the remining marks, and a broad median band that extends from the inner margin to the costa. There is also an abbreviated postmedial band that extends nearly perpendicular from the costa before ending a third way across the wing, and two small whitish dots just below and beyond the postmedial band. The fringe of the forewing is concolorous with that of the forewing except for a thin, dark brown basal line and two whitish spots in the sub-apical and sub-tornal regions. The hindwing ground is similar to that of the forewing, but often with a darker shade on the terminal half. It has a wide, white, median band that appear to connect to the median band on the forewing when the moth is resting. The fringe is mostly white except for a thin, dark brown, interrupted basal line.
This species resembles the Spotted Beet Webworm Moth (
Hymenia perspectalis
), but the latter has a much narrower median line that terminates near the middle of the wing.
Adult ID Requirements:
Identifiable from good quality photos of unworn specimens.
Immatures and Development:
Spoladea recurvalis
is a major pest in many tropical and subtropical areas of the world and can cause the complete loss of
Amaranthus
and other crops during outbreak years, particularly where insecticides are not available. Females typically lay their eggs singly or in small masses on the lower leaf surface adjacent to veins. The hatchlings initially feed on the epidermis of the lower leaf surface and occasionally spin light webs as shelters. As they grow, they may either feed in the open or within a leaf tube or shelter. These are made by either rolling individual leaflets or leaves, or webbing several leaves together. Eventally all of the leaf is consumes except for the midrib. Aderolu et al. (2018) reported that females in Nigeria lay an average of 225 eggs. There are six instars, with the larval period lasting around 22 days, and the prepupal and pupal stages another 12 days. Pupation can occur within a rolled leaf or shelter, or on the soil surface.
The late instars have a pale yellowish to yellowish-brown head with many tiny brown spots. The body is bluish-green with a narrow blackish mid-dorsal line that is often narrowly bordered with white. A poorly defined broad dark stripe is often present dorsolaterally, while the lower sides are pale yellow.
Larvae ID Requirements:
Identifiable only through rearing to adulthood.
Distribution in North Carolina
Distribution:
Spoladea recurvalis
is found worldwide, including southern Asia, Africa, North, South and Central America, the Caribbean, Australia, portions of southern Europe and Oceania. It has been documented in every state in the conterminous U.S., with the possible exceptions of Oregon, Washington, Idaho, Montana and Wyoming. It occurs in Canada from Manitoba and Ontario eastward to Nova Scotia and extreme southern Newfoundland. This species occurs statewide in North Carolina, except for the higher elevations in the Blue Ridge.
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Flight Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Immature Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Flight Comments:
In North America, the adults fly year-round in Florida and mostly from June through November farther north. As of 2023, our records extend from early-August through early December, with a seasonal peak typically in September and October.
Habitats and Life History
Habitats:
Our records come from open habitats, including from xeric to more mesic residential areas. Specimens have also been observed in natural settings with good growths of herbaceous understory plants such as Longleaf Pine communities in the Sandhills, coastal dunes and scrub, and sand rim communities around natural lakes.
Larval Host Plants:
This cosmopolitan species is polyphagous and feeds on a wide range of herbaceous species, particularly members of the Amaranthaceae and Chenopodiaceae, but also many other species that are associated with early successional habitats, disturbed sites, croplands and greenhouse operations. Examples of reported host species that occur in North Carolina include garden and crop species such as beets, broccoli, soybeans, sweet potatoes, corn, black-eyed peas, and garden tomatoes. Other species include
Alternanthera
, Smooth Pigweed (
Amaranthus hybridus
), Redroot Amaranth (
A. retroflexus
), Spiny Amaranth (
A. spinosus
), Lamb's-quarters (
Chenopodium album
), a
Eupatorium
sp., an
Impatiens
sp., a mint (
Mentha
sp.), Marvel-of-Peru (
Mirabilis jalapa
) and Common Purslane (
Portulaca oleracea
). The only confirmed native plant that we have a rearing record for in North Carolina is American Pokeweed (
Phytolacca americana
). -
View
Observation Methods:
The adults are attracted to light and are occasionally seen nectaring on wildflowers.
Wikipedia
See also Habitat Account for
General Fields, Gardens, and Ruderal Habitats
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks:
GNR S5
State Protection:
Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands.
Comments:
This species has a cosmopolitan distribution and does not appear to be particularly associated with any native habitats in North Carolina.
Photo Gallery for
Spoladea recurvalis
- Hawaiian Beet Webworm Moth
106 photos are available. Only the most recent 30 are shown.
Recorded by: R. Newman on 2024-11-18
Carteret Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: David George, Rich Teper on 2024-11-05
Chatham Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-11-02
Brunswick Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Jim Petranka on 2024-11-02
Madison Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Dean Furbish and Joy Wiggins on 2024-10-28
Pender Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Simpson Eason on 2024-10-24
Durham Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: John Petranka on 2024-10-21
Wayne Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-10-08
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: John Petranka on 2024-10-06
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Dean Furbish on 2024-10-04
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-09-25
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-09-14
Brunswick Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-09-12
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: R. Newman on 2024-09-09
Carteret Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-08-31
Brunswick Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-08-16
Brunswick Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Dean Furbish, Lior S. Carlson on 2024-08-12
Pamlico Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2024-07-14
Brunswick Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: R. Newman on 2024-07-04
Carteret Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Erich Hofmann on 2023-12-04
New Hanover Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2023-11-08
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2023-10-29
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: David George, Stephen Dunn, Jeff Niznik, Larry Chen on 2023-10-28
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: R. Newman on 2023-10-24
Carteret Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Stephen Hall on 2023-10-19
Orange Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Shields on 2023-10-17
Onslow Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2023-09-27
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2023-09-20
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2023-09-11
Wilson Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Mark Basinger on 2023-09-03
Brunswick Co.
Comment: