Orthoptera of North Carolina
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Scientific Name:
Common Name:
Family (Alpha):
ACRIDIDAE
GRYLLACRIDIDAE
GRYLLIDAE
GRYLLOTALPIDAE
RHAPHIDOPHORIDAE
ROMALEIDAE
TETRIGIDAE
TETTIGONIIDAE
TRIDACTYLIDAE
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Gryllidae Members:
Acheta domesticus
Anurogryllus arboreus
Gryllus unidentified species
Gryllus firmus
Gryllus fultoni
Gryllus pennsylvanicus
Gryllus pennsylvanicus/veletis
Gryllus pennsylvanicus-veletis
Gryllus rubens
Gryllus veletis
Miogryllus verticalis
Velarifictorus micado
Hapithus agitator
Orocharis unidentified species
Orocharis luteolira
Orocharis saltator
Cycloptilum unidentified species
Cycloptilum bidens
Cycloptilum pigrum
Cycloptilum slossoni
Cycloptilum tardum
Cycloptilum trigonipalpum
Cycloptilum velox
Myrmecophilus pergandei
Allonemobius allardi
Allonemobius fultoni
Allonemobius griseus griseus
Allonemobius griseus funeralis
Allonemobius maculatus
Allonemobius socius
Allonemobius sparsalsus
Allonemobius tinnulus
Allonemobius walkeri
Allonemobius unidentified species
Eunemobius carolinus
Eunemobius confusus
Eunemobius melodius
Eunemobius unidentified species
Neonemobius cubensis
Neonemobius palustris
Neonemobius variegatus
Pictonemobius ambitiosus complex
Pictonemobius ambitiosus
Pictonemobius hubbelli
Oecanthus unidentified species
Oecanthus celerinictus
Oecanthus exclamationis
Oecanthus fultoni
Oecanthus latipennis
Oecanthus nigricornis
Oecanthus niveus
Oecanthus pini
Oecanthus quadripunctatus
Neoxabea bipunctata
Phyllopalpus pulchellus
Anaxipha delicatula
Anaxipha exigua
Anaxipha litarena
Anaxipha rosamacula
Anaxipha thomasi
Anaxipha tinnula
Anaxipha tinnulacita
Anaxipha tinnulenta
Anaxipha vernalis
Anaxipha new species near vernalis
Anaxipha unidentified species
Cyrtoxipha columbiana
Falcicula hebardi
Gryllidae unidentified species
NC
Records
Cycloptilum trigonipalpum
(Rehn & Hebard, 1912) - Forest Scaly Cricket
Taxonomy
Family:
Gryllidae
Subfamily:
Mogoplistinae
Tribe:
Mogoplistini
Comments:
One of sixteen species in this genus that occur in North America north of Mexico (Love and Walker, 1979), six of which have been recorded in North Carolina. Trigonipalpum belongs to the Trigonipalpum Species Group (the Trilling Scaly Crickets), which includes two additional species, neither of which occurs in North Carolina.
Identification
Field Guide Descriptions:
Capinera et al. (2004); Himmelman (2009)
Online Photographs:
SINA,
BugGuide
, Google
Images
,
iNaturalist
,
GBIF
Technical Description, Adults/Nymphs:
Love and Walker (1979)
SINA
442a.htm
Comments:
A slender-bodied, elongated Scaly Cricket. The cuticle of the head, pronotum, and legs are yellow to brown, and the abdomen is blackish (Love and Walker, 1979). The entire body is covered with pale, translucent scales, at least when fresh.
Total Length [body plus wings; excludes ovipositor]:
6.8-7.1 mm, males; 7.8-8.5 mm, females (Blatchley, 1920)
Structural Features:
As in other Scaly Crickets, the cerci are long and fairly thick, the hindwings are missing (the tegmina as well in the females), and the pronotum is elongated -- in males of this species as well as slossoni, it usually completely covers the tegmina, unlike the case in the Bidens Complex. In the Trigonipalpum Group, the terminal segment of the palpus is conical and strongly widened at the end, with a straight, strongly oblique margin -- the short side of this segment is only half as long as the longest side. The internal male reproductive structures are distinctive (see Love and Walker, 1979 for a detailed description).
Singing Behavior:
Songs of this species consist of short, buzzy trills (or long chirps), each lasting from 0.25 to 1 second (Love and Walker, 1979) and with pauses in between trills of about the same length. In North Carolina, Fulton (1932) noted that trills are given in sequences of 3 to 4, at a rate of 0.6 trills per second. At 77 F (25 C), the per trill rate is about 57 pulses per second (Love and Walker, 1979), with the dominant frequency about 6.7 kHz (Capinera et al., 2004). These trills are longer, less melodious, and higher pitched than those of the two Orocharis species, which often sing in the same habitats at the same time. Cycloptilum slossonae has a similar short trill at about the same dominant frequency, but trills are shorter in duration and repeated somewhat more rapidly; Love and Walker note that the songs of slossoni are more buzzy due to the grouping of the pulses into pairs within the trill.
Recording playback at normal speed.
Download Video:
"MP4"
Nymphal Stages and Development:
Undescribed
Distribution in North Carolina
County Map:
Clicking on a county returns the records for the species in that county.
Adult Dates:
High Mountains (HM) ≥ 4,000 ft.
Low Mountains (LM) < 4,000 ft.
Piedmont (Pd)
Coastal Plain (CP)
Click on graph to enlarge
Habitats and Life History
Habitats:
Love and Walker (1979) state that this species prefers broadleaf, deciduous trees, especially where there are frequent branches, vines, and dead leaves; pines are also used, at least where grapes and other vines are present. In North Carolina, we have a number of records from horticultural trees in residential neighborhoods.
Diet:
Undescribed but possibly omnivorous
Observation Methods:
Most easily detected by their songs but at least some species in this genus have been observed at bait
Abundance/Frequency:
Too little information exists to estimate the frequency of occurrence or abundance of this species in North Carolina
Adult Phenology:
Fulton (1951) shows records for this species in the vicinity of Raleigh from mid-August to mid-October. We also have at least one record from July from the Fall-line near the Virginia border.
Status in North Carolina
Natural Heritage Program Status:
Natural Heritage Program Ranks:
[GNR] [S5?]
State Protection:
Has no legal protection, although permits are required to collect it on state parks and other public lands
Comments:
This species appears to have a broad range within the state and will probably be found over most of our area eventually. It does not appear to be specialized in terms of habitat and can make use of at least suburban environments. Consequently, it appears to be secure within the state.
Image Gallery for
Cycloptilum trigonipalpum
- Forest Scaly Cricket
Recorded by: R. Newman
Carteret Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Ken Kneidel
Mecklenburg Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: John Petranka
Warren Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: John Petranka
Warren Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Michael P. Morales
Cumberland Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Michael P. Morales
Cumberland Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Michael P. Morales
Cumberland Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Steve Hall and Bo Sullivan
Moore Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Ken Kneidel
Mecklenburg Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Ken Kneidel
Mecklenburg Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Steve Hall
Iredell Co.
Comment: 10:08, 77 F; recorded in vegetation growing along a road
Recorded by: Steve Hall, Bo Sullivan, Jim Petranka, Becky Elkin, and Rob Gilson
Iredell Co.
Comment: At beer-banana bait
Recorded by: Steve Hall
Wake Co.
Comment:
Recorded by: Steve Hall and Bo Sullivan
New Hanover Co.
Comment:
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