Amphibians of North Carolina
References used in the Amphibians website
SHORT REFERENCEHighton, 1999a
AUTHORHighton, R.C.
DATE1999a
TITLEGeographic protein variation and speciation in the sala- manders of the Ple~hodoncinereu.~group with the descriptionof two new species
SOURCEHerpetologica 55:43-90
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1691 references
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3Adams et al., 2011Adams C.K., Saenz D. and R.N. Conner. 2011Palatability of twelve species of anuran larvae in eastern TexasAmerican Midland Naturalist 166: 211– 223
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5Adler and Dennis, 1962Adler, K. and D. Dennis1962Plethodon longicrus, a new salamander (Amphibia: Plethodontidae) from North CarolinaSpecial Publications of the Ohio Herpetological Society 4:1-4
6Akers et al., 2008Akers, E.C., Taylor, C.M. and R. Altig2008Effects of clay-associated organic material on the growth of Hyla chrysoscelis tadpoles. Journal of Herpetology 42:408-410
7Albecker and McCoy, 2017Albecker, M.A. and M.W. McCoy 2017Adaptive responses to salinity stress across multiple life stages in anuran amphibiansFrontiers in Zoology 14, 40 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-017-0222-0
8Alexander, 1966Alexander, D.G. 1966An ecological study of the Swamp Cricket frog, Pseudacris nigrita feriarum (Baird), with comparative notes on two other hylids of the Chapel Hill, North Carolina, regionPh.D. dissertation, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
9Alford, 1989aAlford, R.A.1989Variation in predator phenology affects predator performance and prey community compositionEcology 70(1): 206-219
10Alford, 1989bAlford, R.A. 1989bCompetition between larval Rana palustris and Bufo americanus is not affected by variation in reproductive phenologyCopeia 1989:993-1000
11Alford and Crump, 1982Alford, R.A. and M.l. Crump1082Habitat partitioning among size classes of larval Southern leopard frogs, Rana utriculariaCopeia 1982:367-373
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13Allen, 1932Allen, M.J. 1932A survey of the amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, MississippiAmerican Museum novitates 542:1-20
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21Anholt et al., 2000Anholt, B.R., Werner, E. and D.K. Skelly2000Effect of food and predators on the activity of four larval ranid frogsEcology 81:3509-3521
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26Ashton and Ashton, 1988Ashton, R.E., Jr. and P.S. Ashton1988Handbook of Reptiles and Amphibians of Florida: Part 3. The AmphibiansWindward Publishing, Miami, FL. 189 pp.
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28Ashton, R.E., Jr., and A.L. Braswell Ashton, R.E., Jr., and A.L. Braswell 1979Nest and larvae of the Neuse River Waterdog, Necturus lewisi (Brimley) (Amphibia: Proteidae)Brimleyana 1:15-22
29Ashton and Ashton, 1978Ashton, R.E., Jr., and P.S. Ashton1978Movements and winter behavior of Eurycea bislineata (Amphibia, Urodela, Plethodontidae)Journal of Herpetology 12:295-298
30Ashton et al., 1980Ashton, R.E., Jr., Braswell, A.L. and S.I. Guttman1980Electrophoretic analysis of three species of Necturus (Amphibia: Proteidae), and the taxonomic status of Necturus lewisi (Brimley)Brimleyana 4:43-46
31Asquith and Altig, 1987Asquith, A. and R. Altig1987Phototaxis and activity patterns of Siren intermediaThe Southwestern Naturalist 32:146-148
32Atkinson et al., 2021Atkinson, C.L., Knapp, D.D. and L. L .Smith 2021Long-term patterns of amphibian diversity, abundance and nutrient export from small, Isolated wetlandsDiversity 2021, 13, 598; 1-17 https://doi.org/10.3390/d13110598
33Atkinson, C.L., Knapp, D.D. and L.L. SmithLong-Term Patterns of Amphibian Diversity, Abundance and Nutrient Export from Small, Isolated WetlandsDiversity 2021, 13, 598. https://doi.org/10.3390/ d13110598 pp. 1-17
34Austin et al., 2004aAustin, J.D., Lougheed, S.C. and P.T. Boag2004aDiscordant temporal and geographic patterns in maternal lineages of eastern North American frogs, Rana catesbeiana (Ranidae) and Pseudacris crucifer (Hylidae)Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 32:799-816
35Austin et al., 2004bAustin, J.D., Lougheed, S.C. and P.T. Boag2004bControlling for the effects of history and nonequilibrium conditions in gene flow estimates in northern Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) populationsGenetics 168:1491- 1506
36Austin and Camp, 1992.Austin, R.M., Jr., and C.D. Camp1992Larval development of black-bellied salamanders, Desmognathus quadramaculatus, in northeastern GeorgiaHerpetologica 48:313-317
37Babbitt and Meshaka, 2000Babbitt and Meshaka, Jr. 2000Benefits of eating conspecifics: effects of background diet on survival and metamorphosis in the Cuban treefrog (Osteopilus septentrionalis)Copeia 2000(2): 469–474
38Babbitt, 1995Babbitt, K.J. 1995Bufo terrestris (southern toad). OophagyHerpetological Review 26:30
39Babbitt, 2001Babbitt, K.J.2001Behaviour and growth of southern leopard frog (Rana sphenocephala) tadpoles: effects of food and predation riskCanadian Journal of Zoology 79: 809–814
40Babbitt and Jordan, 1996Babbitt, K.J. and F. Jordan1996Predation on Bufo terrestris tadpoles: effects of cover and predator identityCopeia 1996:485-488
41Babbitt and Tanner, 2000Babbitt, K.J., and G.W. Tanner2000Use of temporary wetlands by anurans in a hydrologically modified landscapeWetlands 20:313-322
42Babbitt et al., 2005Babbitt, K.J., Baber, M.J. and G. W. Tanner2005The impact of agriculture on temporary wetland amphibians in FloridaPp. 48-55 In W.E. Meshaka, Jr. and K.J. Babbitt editors, Status and Conservation of Florida Amphibians and Reptiles. Krieger Publishing Co. Malabar, FL.
43Babbitt et al., 2006Babbitt, K.J., Baber, M.J. and l.A. Brandt2006The effect of woodland proximity and wetland characteristics on larval anuran assemblages in an agricultural landscapeCanadian Journal of Zoology 84:510-519
44Babbitt et al., 2003Babbitt, K.J., Baber, M.J. and T.l. Tarr2003Patterns of larval amphibian distribution along a wetland hydroperiod gradientCanadian Journal of Zoology 81:1539-1552
45Babbitt, 1937Babbitt, L.H. 1937The amphibia of ConnecticutConnecticut State Geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin no. 57
46Babbitt,1937Babbitt, l.H.1937The amphibia of ConnecticutConnecticut State geological and Natural History Survey Bulletin no. 57
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48Baber and Babbitt, 2004Baber, M.J. and K.J. Babbitt2004influence of habitat complexity on predator-prey interactions between the fish (Gambusia holbrooki) and tadpoles of Hyla squirella and Gastrophryne carolinensisCopeia 2004:173-177
49Baber and Babbitt, 2003Baber, M.J., and K.J. Babbitt2003The relative impacts of native and introduced predatory fish on a temporary wetland tadpole assemblage Oecologia 136:289-295
50Baber et al., 2004Baber, M.J., Fleishman, E., Babbitt, K.J. and T.l. Tarr2004The relationship between wetland hydroperiod and nestedness patterns in assemblages of larval amphibians and predatory macroinvertebratesOikos 107:16-27
51Bachmann, 1984Bachmann, M.D. 1984Defensive behavior of brooding female red-backed salamanders (Plethodon cinereus)Herpetologica 40:436-443
52Baecher and Richter, 2018Baecher, J.A. and S.C. Richter2018Environmental gradients in old-growth Appalachian forest predict fine-scale distribution, co-occurrence, and density of woodland salamandersEcology and Evolution 8(24): 1-13
53Baecher and Richter, 2018Baecher, J.A. and S.C. Richter2018Environmental gradients in old-growth Appalachian forest predict fine-scale distribution, co-occurrence, and density of woodland salamandersEcology and Evolution 8(24): 1-13
54Bailey, 1990Bailey, M.A. 1990Movement of the dusky gopher frog (Rana areolata sevosa) at a temporary pond in the lower coastal plain of Alabama. pp. 27-43 In C.K. Dodd Jr., R.E. Ashton Jr., R. Franz, and E. Wester (eds.), Burrow associates of the gopher tortoise. proceedings of the 8th Annual Meeting, gopher Tortoise Council, Gainesville, Fl.
55Bailey, 1991Bailey, M.A.1991The dusky gopher frog in AlabamaJournal of the Alabama Academy of Science 62:28-34
56Baldauf, 1947Baldauf, R.J. 1947Desmognathus f. fuscus eating eggs of its own speciesCopeia 1947:66
57Baldwin et al., 2006Baldwin, R.F., Calhoun, A.J.K. and P.G. deMaynadier2006Conservation planning for amphibian species with complex habitat requirements: a case study using movements and habitat selection of the Wood Frog Rana sylvaticaJournal of Herpetology 40:442-453
58Ball, 1936Ball, S.C. 1936The distribution and behavior of the spadefoot toad in ConnecticutTransactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Science 32:351-379
59Baltar, 1983Baltar, A.C.1983Vertical stratification of some cliff dwelling plethodontid salamanders as related to competitive survival of the Mississippi population of Aneides aeneusMaster's thesis. University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, Mississippi
60Banning et al., 2008Banning, J.L., Weddle, A.L., Wahl, G.W. III, et al. 2008Antifungal skin bacteria, embryonic survival, and communal nesting in four-toed salamanders, Hemidactylium scutatumOecologia 156:423-429.
61Barbeau and Lillywhite, 2005Barbeau, T.R. and H.B. Lillywhite2005Body wiping behaviors associated with cutaneous lipids in hylid tree frogs of FloridaJournal of Experimental Biology 208:2147-2156
62Barbour, 1953Barbour, R.W. 1953The amphibians of Big Black Mountain, Harlan County, KentuckyCopeia 1953:84-89
63Barbour, R.W. 1957Barbour, R.W.1957Observations on the mountain chorus frog, Pseudacris brachyphona (Cope) in KentuckyThe American Midland Naturalist, 57(1), pp.125-128https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/2422526.pdf?casa_token=A3ZQ6MZ4OgIAAAAA:Lv24z7Pv-lsuIm2vSbEnjyRYS0mlRMHteX-S81A6cVOsze5Ep4JkkmIX9YiA2j-1dBmnYWECiGUdCRV-9WuLCBNwfvOkndSXxhlEUh70UrR_GJG5Kg1e
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65Barbour and Lancaster, 1946Barbour, R.W. and L.Y. Lancaster1946Food habits of Desmognathus fuscus in KentuckyCopeia 1946:48-49
66Barbour et al., 1969Barbour, R.W., Hardin, J.W., Schafer, J.P. and M.J. Harvey1969Home range, movements, and activity of the dusky salamander, Desmognathus fuscusCopeia 1969:293-297
67Barrett et al., 2010Barrett, K., Helms, B.S., Guyer, C. and J.E. Schoonover2010Linking process to pattern: Causes of stream-breeding amphibian decline in urbanized watershedsBiological Conservation 143:1998–2005
68Barrow et al., 2018Barrow, L.N., Lemmon, A.R. and E.M. Lemmon 2018Targeted Sampling and Target Capture: Assessing Phylogeographic Concordance with Genome-wide DataSystematic Biology 67(6):979–996
69Barthalmus and Bellis, 1972Barthalmus, G.T. and E.D. Bellis1972Home range, homing, and the homing mechanism of the salamander, Desmognathus fuscusCopeia 1972:632-642
70Bartoszek and Greenwald, 2009Bartoszek, J. and K.R. Greenwald 2009A population divided: railroad tracks as barriers to gene flow in an isolated population of Marbled Salamanders (Ambystoma opacum). Herpetological Conservation and Biology 4(2):191-197http://www.herpconbio.org/Volume_4/Issue_2/Bartoszek_Greenwald_2009.pdf
71Bastien and Leclair, 1992Bastien, H. and R. Leclair, Jr. 1992Aging Wood frogs (Rana sylvatica) by skeletochronologyJournal of Herpetology 26:222-225
72Bateman and Fleming, 2014Bateman, P.W. and P.A. Fleming2014Living on the edge: Effects of body size, group density and microhabitat selection on escape behaviour of southern leopard frogs Lithobates sphenocephalusCurrent Zoology 60 (6): 712–718
73Bates, 2001Bates, M.C.2001Site Survey Reports, Montgomery County InventoryNatural Heritage Program Raleigh, NC
74Bates and Beane, 2001Bates, M.C. and Beane, J.2001Montgomery County Natural Heritage InventorySite Survey Reports NC Natural Heritage Program Raleigh, NC
75Bates and Coomans, 1999Bates, M.C. and Coomans, R.1999Randolph County Natural Heritage InventorySite Survey Reports NC Natural Heritage Program Raleigh, NC
76Bauman and Huels, 1982Baumann, W.L. and M. Huels1982Nests of the two-lined salamander, Eurycea bislineataJournal of Herpetology 16:81-83
77Bayless, 1966Bayless, L.E. 1966Comparative ecology of two sympatric species of Acris (Anura; Hylidae) with emphasis on interspecific competitionPh.D. diss., Tulane University, New Orleans
78Bayless,, 1969aBayless, L.E. 1969aPost-metamorphic growth of Acris crepitansAmerican Midland Naturalist 81:590-592
79Bayless, 1969bBayless, L.E. 1969bEcological divergence and distribution of sympatric Acris populations (Anura: Hylidae)Herpetologica 25:181-187
80Bayne, 2004Bayne, K.A.2004The natural history and morphology of the eastern Cricket frog, Acris crepitans crepitans, in West VirginiaM.S. thesis, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA
81Beachy, 1993Beachy, C.K.1993Guild structure in streamside salamander communities. A test for interactions among larval plethodontid salamandersjournal of Herpetology 27: 465-468
82Beachy, 1994Beachy, C.K.1994Community ecology in streams: effects of two species of predatory salamanders on a prey species of salamanderHerpetologica 50:129-136
83Beachy, 1995Beachy, C.K. 1995Effects of larval growth history on metamorphosis in a stream-dwelling salamander (Desmognathus ochrophaeus)Journal of Herpetology 29:375-382
84Beachy, 2018Beachy, C.K.2018Effects of growth rate and temperature on metamorphosis in Eurycea wilderae (Caudata, Plethodontidae, Hemidactyliinae, Spelerpini; Blue Ridge Two-lined Salamander)Southeastern Naturalist 17(3): 423-432
85Beachy and Bruce, 2003Beachy, C.K. and Bruce, R.C.2003Life history of a small form of the Plethodontid salamander Desmognathus quadramaculatusAmphibia-Reptilia 24:13-26
86Beamer and Lamb, 2008Beamer, D.A. and T. Lamb2008Dusky salamanders (Desmognathus, Plethodontidae) from the Coastal Plain: Multiple independent lineages and their bearing on the molecular phylogeny of the genusMolecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 47: 143–153
87Beamer and Lamb, 2020Beamer, D.A. and T. Lamb2020Towards rectifying limitations on species delineation in dusky salamanders (Desmognathus: Plethodontidae): An ecoregion-drainage sampling grid reveals additional cryptic cladesZootaxa 4734 (1): 001–061
88Beane, 2000Beane, J.2000Field notes, Montgomery and Richmond County InventoriesNC Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh, NC
89Jeff Beane RecordsBeane, J.2000Field notes, Montgomery and Richmond County InventoriesNC Museum of Natural Sciences Raleigh, NC
90Beane et al., 2010Beane, J.C. , Braswell, A.L., Mitchell, J.C. , Palmer, W.M. and J.R. Harrison III2010Amphibians and Reptiles of the Carolinas and Virginia, 2nd EdUniversity of North Carolina Press
91Beane et al., 2014Beane, J.C., Graham S.P., Thorp T.J. and L.T. Pusser2014Natural history of the Southern Hognose Snake (Heterodon simus) in North Carolina, USACopeia 2014:(1): 168–175
92Beck, 1948Beck, W.M. Jr. 1948An ecological study of the cold-blooded vertebrates of a north Florida lakeM.S. thesis, University of Florida, Gainesville.
93Bee, 2008aBee, M.A. 2008aParallel female preferences for call duration in a diploid ancestor of an allotetraploid treefrogAnimal Behaviour 76:845-853
94Bee, 2008bBee, M.A. 2008bFinding a mate at a cocktail party: spatial release from masking improves acoustic mate recognition in grey TreefrogsAnimal Behaviour 75:1781-1791
95Bee and Schwartz, 2009Bee, M.A. and J.J. Schwartz2009Behavioral measures of signal recognition thresholds in frogs in presence and absence of chorus-shaped noiseJournal of the Acoustical Society of America 126:2788-2801
96Beiswenger, 1975Beiswenger, R.E. 1975Structure and function in aggregations of tadpoles of the American toad, Bufo americanusHerpetologica 31:222-233
97Beiswenger, 1977Beiswenger, R.E. 1977Diel patterns of aggregative behavior in tadpoles of Bufo americanus, in relation to light and temperatureEcology 58:98-108
98Bellis, 1961Bellis, E.D. 1961Growth of the Wood Frog, Rana sylvaticaCopeia 1961:74-77
99Bellis, 1965Bellis, E.D. 1965Home range and movements of the Wood frog in a northern bogEcology 46:89-98
100Bennett and Taylor, 1968Bennett, C., and R.J. Taylor1968Notes on the lesser siren, Siren intermedia (Urodela)The Southwestern Naturalist 13:455-457
101Bennett and Nelson, 1991Bennett, S. H. and J. B. Nelson1991Distribution and status of Carolina bays in South Carolina. Nongame and Heritage Trust Publications No. 1. South Carolina Wildlife and Marine Resources Department, Columbia, SC, USA.
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103Bennett and Buhlmann, 2015Bennett, S.H. and K.A. Buhlmann2015Pine Barrens Treefrog Hyla andersonihttps://dc.statelibrary.sc.gov/bitstream/handle/10827/10982/DNR_Species_Pine_Barrens_Treefrog_2005.pdf?sequence=1
104Bennett et al., 1980Bennett, S.H., Gibbons, J.W. and J. Glanville1980Terrestrial activity, abundance and diversity of amphibians in differently managed forest typesAmerican Midland Naturalist 103:412-416
105Berger-Bishop and Harris, 1996Berger-Bishop, L.E. and R.N. Harris1996A study of caudal allometry in the salamander Hemidactylium scutatum (Caudata: Plethodontidae)Herpetologica 52: 515-525
106Bernardo, 1994Bernardo, J. 1994Experimental analysis of allocation in two divergent, natural salamander populationsThe American Naturalist 143:14-38
107Bertram and Berrill, 1997Bertram, S. and M. Berrill1997Fluctuations in a northern population of gray treefrogs, Hyla versicolorSSAR Herpetological Conservation 1:57-63
108Bertram et al., 1996Bertram, S., Berrill, M. and E Nol1996Male mating success and variation in chorus attendance within and among breeding seasons in the gray treefrog (Hyla versicolor)Copeia 1996: 729-734
109Berven, 1981Berven, K.A. 1981Mate choice in the woodfrog, Rana sylvaticaEvolution 35:707-722
110Berven, 1982aBerven, K.A. 1982aThe genetic basis of altitudinal variation in the Wood Frog, Rana sylvatica. 1. An experimental analysis of life history traitsEvolution 36:962-983
111Berven, 1982b Berven, K.A. 1982bThe genetic basis of altitudinal variation in the wood frog, Rana sylvatica. 2. An experimental analysis of larval developmentOecologia 52:360-369
112Berven, 1990Berven, K.A.1990Factors affecting population fluctuations in larval and adult stages of the Wood Frog (Rana sylvatica)Ecology 71:1599- 1608
113Berven, 1995Berven, K.A. 1995Population regulation in the Wood Frog, Rana sylvatica, from three diverse geographic locationsAustralian Journal of Ecology 20:385-392
114Berven, 2009Berven, K.A. 2009Density dependence in the terrestrial stage of wood frogs: evidence from a 21-year population studyCopeia 2009:328-338
115Berven and Grudzien, 1990Berven, K.A. and T.A. Grudzien1990Dispersal in the Wood Frog (Rana sylvatica): implications for genetic population structure. Evolution 44:2047-2056
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123Bishop, 1925Bishop, S.C.1925The life history of the red salamanderNatural History 25:385-389
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125Bishop, 1941Bishop, S.C. 1941The salamanders of New York. New York St. Mus. Bull. (324): 1-365
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127Blair, 1958Blair W. F.1958Mating call in the speciation of anuran amphibiansThe American Naturalist 42:27
128Blair, 1958aBlair, W.F. 1958aCall difference as an isolation mechanism in Florida species of hylid frogsQuarterly Journal of the Florida Academy of Sciences 21:32-48
129Blanchard, 1923Blanchard, F.N. 1923The life history of the four-toed salamanderThe American Naturalist 57:262-268
130Blanchard, 1933aBlanchard, F.N.1933aSpermatophores and the mating season of the salamander Hemidactylium scutatum (Schlegel)Copeia 1933:40
131Blanchard, 1933bBlanchard, F.N.1933bLate autumn collections and hibernating situations of the salamander Hemidactylium scutatum (Schlegel) in southern MichiganCopeia 1933:216
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